Question 1: In their professional life, counselors are always considering moral, ethical, and legal implications of their daily activities. Briefly distinguish among those three kinds of implications and specify to what degree they follow more or less clear-cut, unambiguous standards or requirements? There is an incredibly ambiguous line between moral and ethical grounds. First, morality would be based on the personal beliefs that the counselor possesses whereas the ethics would be based on his/her application of morals that affect society.
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Legal is much more clear in the sense that it’s based on the societal standards and the returning consequences to such actions. To further clarify, a counselor may morally feel uncomfortable helping a drug addict overcome his problems but ethically as a counselor he must and legal implications bind him to fulfill his duties as a counselor. In an ambiguous setting, the counselor would follow their morals as long as it does not bind them ethically and/or legally.
The personality has a significant effect on the counselor’s activity. Question 2: Briefly describe the difference between Freud’s topographic model of the mind and his structural model of the mind. Freud’s structural model consists of the Id, Ego, and the Superego which he believed forms the personality of a person. The structural model suggests we are driven by the Id or the “pleasure” principle and the other end Superego which is the “morality” principle.
In the structural model a healthy person has the personality of the Ego which satisfies the “pleasure” of Id, while within the limits of the “morality” of the Superego. The topographical model on the other hand builds on these three ideas to create the “Iceberg” which suggests that a person’s unconscious is much larger than their conscious actions and saying that the Id is the deepest within our unconscious, right above it would be the preconscious which contains the Superego while the Ego moves among the conscious, unconscious and the preconscious to maintain a healthy personality.
In summary, the topographic model allocates the structural model’s components into the conscious, unconscious, and the preconscious to describe a person’s personality. Question 3: How do Adlerian counselors use clients’ early recollections as part of the lifestyle assessment? Adlerian counselors view clients’ early recollections as a record of their convictions or the basic mistakes of a clients’ life.
The counselor views that they are a series of stories that are interwoven to create how a person views the world, self, goals, motivation, values, and future orientation. They are able to summarize the current state of the client in a manner that can translate to guiding the client into growth and maturity. For example, three memories of similar things can be a pattern and it can be used to for the lifestyle assessment or the psychological investigation of the client.
