Technology during this time was mainly in warfare and within the household that led to a change in both public and private life. By the end of 1700’s there were new and improved firearms and different tactical stratagies. Including many upgrades to the musket, like adding bayonets to them, this ended the practice of close quarter pikemen. As these advantages were adopted by Europe, it marked the end of all medieval warfare. It replaced feudal host and started standing armies equipped with rifles and small artillery. Household technology had significant innovations, especially for the wealthy.
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Such as replacing the Gothic look with an Italian look. Wood burning fireplaces were introduced, so people didn’t have to spend most of their time in the kitchens. They were often in kitchens during the winter because before the fireplace they had open hearths for cooking, which they stayed near for warmth. Baroque is a style in which painters, sculptors, and architects rummaged emotion, movement, and variety in their works. Baroque favors higher volumes, exaggerates decorations, adds colossal sculptures, huge furniture etc. Sense of movement, energy, and tension are dominant impressions.
Strong contrasts of light and shadow often enhance dramatic effects. Baroque architecture was magnificent and complex, arranged in such a way as to impress anyone. Each room was built to be more stunning and beautiful than the next. On the exterior, Baroque played with mass and void. Architects balanced colonnades between columns, used delightful painting techniques, using light and shade, and made free use of domes. The seventeenth century also brought Baroque innovations in music and art. New forms of expression moved away from the exalted calmness, and emphasized melody supported by harmony.
Instrumental music, such as the organ and violin, gained equal popularity for the first time. Outstanding among Baroque innovations was opera, which originated in Italy at the beginning of the century and quickly conquered Europe. Baroque used revolutionary technique of dramatic, selective illumination of figures out of deep shadow painting. Caravaggio is key painter of this form of Baroque. Caravaggio was probably the most revolutionary artist of his time, for he abandoned the rules that had guided a century of artists who had idealized both the human and religious experience.
Caravaggio can be said almost single-handedly to have created the Baroque style. During the same time, scientific advances and exploration with the development of the press, forced Europeans to change the view of the world. New knowledge in astronomy was of great importance. In the eighteen century scientific literature became so plenteous, that the period has gotten the name – Age of Enlightenment. The Baroque Period was filled with religious ideology expressed through the humanities.
The role the church played in not only influencing the arts, but regulating them as well. The church dictated that the artists of all mediums must create pieces for the sole purpose of glorifying God. The change from the introspective, person centered art of the pervious years was gone, buried beneath a Roman Catholic Church that was only concerned with using the arts to display of its power. The church was not just suggesting that artists of the time represent the greatness of God, they were threatened with excommunication if they went against the church’s position.
