Behaviour Self Management Essay

Behaviour Self-Management Undertaking to Increase Studying Behaviour Behaviour Modification is a technique or attack used by behavioral psychologists to modify a peculiar behavior and is mostly used in a clinical or educational scene. peculiarly with those with learning disablements ( Atherton. 2011 ) . Furthermore. it besides considered to be a intervention attack. as it substitutes unwanted behaviors with coveted 1s through the procedure of positive or negative support ( Gary. 1988 ) .

Furthermore. behavior alteration has been used to handle legion mental jobs such as obsessional compulsive upset ( OCD ) . attention-deficit hyperactivity upset ( ADHD ) . phobic disorder. urinary incontinence. generalised anxiousness upset. separation anxiousness upset and many more. Subsequently. this technique has besides been used to rectify maladaptive behaviors by altering unwanted behaviors such as smoke. gorging. nail biting and others. as it aims to promote the permutation of good behaviors such as analyzing. weight loss and etc ( O’Donohue and Ferguson. 2006 ) .

The rules of behaviour alteration were foremost developed by B. F Skinner. who had formulated the construct of operant conditioning. Skinner. had developed the construct of positive support or penalty. whereby behaviors are changed or encouraged through a wages system. Furthermore. the operant conditioning theory besides states that for larning to happen. it is of import that the topic is an active participant ( Sheldon. 1982 ) .

In add-on. behavior alteration was besides formulated by Ivan Pavlov and is famously known as classical conditioning. as it is simply based on a stimuli-response expression. Besides that. Albert Bandura besides contributed to behaviour alteration rules. through his theory of societal modeling ( Baldwin & A ; Baldwin. 1981 ) . The theory states that larning occurs as a consequence of copying or copying other people. and is termed as vicarious larning. Additionally. the theory besides states that external reinforcing stimuluss are of import because it enables larning to happen independently of the supports.

Consequently. behaviour alteration underlies a figure of theoretical places such that human behavior can easy be influenced by the presentation of effects and could be strengthened if the behavior is followed by wagess. every bit good as substandard if followed by negative effects ( Guez & A ; Allen. 2000 ) . Furthermore. human behavior is non merely controlled by internal factors. but is besides driven by external factors such as societal wagess like congratulationss or gifts.

Therefore. the rules of behaviour alteration is different compared to other techniques in altering behaviors. because it addresses the environing factors every bit good as single factors that can advance or derail behaviour alteration. Additionally. behavior alteration has besides proved its effectivity in increasing student’s appropriate schoolroom behavior. A survey had employed behaviour alteration in two 2nd class Negro misss in a presentation school for the culturally deprived ( Wasik. Senn. Welch. & A ; Cooper. 1969 ) .

Data collected in the survey was based on type. continuance. and frequence of teacher’s verbal interactions with the pupil. The survey besides had implemented an ABAB design. whereas intervention included positive societal support when appropriate behaviors occurred. Punishment had included the usage of timeout from societal supports. as these behaviors were contingent on inappropriate attending acquiring behaviors. It was observed that after 25 yearss. desirable behavior in the schoolroom had increased unusually from 80. % in baseline to 99. 20 % in intervention and continued to stay high even after three months.

Therefore. this shows that behavior alteration is an effectual method to increase desirable behaviors. Target Behaviour It is indispensable and of import that the mark behaviour an single wants to alter is operationally defined. The peculiar behavior would besides necessitate appraisal. through aggregation of the baseline informations. Furthermore. the behavior that I want to alter is to increase my analyzing behavior. which is a behavioral shortage.

Ever since I was in school. I was ever known to analyze towards the terminal of the semester and could by and large be considered as last minute analyzing. Subsequently. I would be given to be easy distracted by external stimulations such as watching films or series on the computing machine. naming up friends and speaking for hours every bit good as easy persuaded to travel out. I have been known since immature to be really outgoing. therefore whenever friends call and inquire me to run into up with them. I am bound to travel.

Therefore. it normally delays my ability to follow my analyzing agenda that I have created before the semester starts. Furthermore. my chief ancestor that unable me to finish my suggested two hours analyzing per dark every weekday is besides because I have a inclination to download films or series on the computing machine and blowing 4 hours or more watching it. There are besides effects that I face because of my cunctation to analyze. because after watching these series. I would merely be given to analyze less than an hr or non at all if I am tired.

Consequently. I would jam all the stuffs during survey hebdomad and stop up being exhausted. This besides is a ground as to why I tend to acquire sick during exam hebdomad. because it causes me to hold high degree of emphasis and in bend would impact my wellness. Hence. these are valid grounds as to why I feel like I need to alter my behavior and get down analyzing more hours as I should so that I would non be stressed out during tests. Besides that. emphasis could besides do ulcers and the common cold. which in bend could be a reverse to me during exam hebdomad as I am prone to acquire ulcers.

Additionally. it would besides let me to concentrate more to better my class evaluations to my outlooks as I will shortly finish my undergraduate plan. Other than that. increasing my analyzing behavior would besides let me to acquire sufficient slumber and remainder for the approaching test and it would besides profit me in footings of pull offing my clip expeditiously. Method Design The design that I have chosen for this peculiar ego direction undertaking is the ABAB reversal design.

This design represents the effort to first step the baseline. the intervention that follows the initial baseline. the debut of the 2nd baseline every bit good as the reintroduction of the intervention once more. Additionally. this method of application helps place the effects of intervention and step what happens when intervention is removed. Hence. this research design would assist set up whether functional relationship exists between the mark behavior and intercession.

Materials The stuffs used in this undertaking include a structured journal that is recorded in the computing machine. behavior contract. handphone. post-it notes. playing cards and reminders. Procedure Additionally. for this peculiar behavior alteration undertaking. the operational definition is foremost defined as reading pages from the text edition and underlining every bit good as understanding sentences in the text and reading notes from the talks for two hours.

Furthermore. the behavior would be recorded through ego monitoring during baseline and intervention period as the behavior does non happen often throughout the twenty-four hours and it merely occurs during the period when no 1 else is around to detect. The experimental period is recorded in the natural scene. which is in the survey room at my place. and it is where analyzing behavior typically occurs.

The type of behavioral recording used is the continuance entering. whereby analyzing behavior is observed for two hours. between 8. 30p. m to 10. 0p. m on weekdays merely. Following. in order to increase analyzing behaviour during weekdays. a generalized learned reinforcing stimulus. which is the nominal economic system system is used because it reinforces the behavior and minimises the demand to utilize reactive schemes to cover with reverses every bit good as it enables the ability to partner off up with a assortment of other reinforcing stimuluss. In add-on. the nominal economic system is a playing card with my housemate’s signature on it. and one card would be given each twenty-four hours. whenever the coveted behavior occurred at least 2 hours a twenty-four hours.

Furthermore. the acquired items would be eligible to merchandise with certain privileges and would be forfeited if the behavior does non run into the expected demands. Hence. a assortment of backup reinforces are used in exchange with the accrued playing cards on every Friday to find the type of privileges that would be given and farther information is provided in the behavioral contract ( Appendix A ) . Besides that. penalty would be provided if I fail to run into the expected demand.

Additionally. the agenda of support chosen for this peculiar undertaking is fixed interval. whereby analyzing behavior is reinforced merely if it occurs for at least two hours. The behaviour happening would besides be recorded in the computing machine. as the behavior occurs at place in the survey room. Besides that. during the intervention period. my friends and housemate have besides promised to give me societal support and supports. In add-on. assorted types of response and stimulation prompts are besides used in this undertaking. Verbal prompts such as reminders to analyze are used by friends and housemates to arouse the coveted behavior in myself.

They will make this by non carrying me to travel out with them and reminding me to analyze alternatively. Furthermore. environmental prompts are besides used in this undertaking such as station its on the mirror. computing machine in the survey room and category file that I carry to category every twenty-four hours. every bit good as utilizing the manus phone to put dismay to analyze. In add-on. within prompt attenuation was used in the 2nd intervention period. for response prompts. whereby friends and fellow provided fewer verbal prompts as the hebdomad progressed during intervention period.

Following. stimulation attenuation was besides used in the 2nd intervention period for environmental prompts. whereby on the first twenty-four hours. remotion of dismay clock would be used and for subsequent yearss. one station its would be removed from either the mirror. computing machine or category file until the last twenty-four hours of intervention. Result The baseline and intervention informations was collected for a period of four hebdomads and intercession was applied during intervention 1 and intervention 2. Figure 1: Analyzing behavior in baseline and intervention hebdomads.

Figure 1 shows that during the first baseline. analyzing behavior did non happen at all for the first two yearss. one hr for the 3rd. once more none on the 4th and two hours on the 5th twenty-four hours. Hence. the mean studying hours for the first baseline hebdomad is 0. 4 hours or 24 proceedingss. Furthermore. this could be clearly seen in the structured journal attached for the first baseline ( Appendix B ) . Following. intercession took topographic point in the 2nd hebdomad. whereby assorted schemes were used to increase analyzing behaviors.

Consequences showed that analyzing behavior had occurred for two hours for the first and 2nd twenty-four hours. one hr for the 3rd twenty-four hours. two hours for the 4th twenty-four hours. and none on the 5th twenty-four hours. This shows that analyzing behavior had increased to an norm of 1. 4 hours a twenty-four hours and that there was an addition of 50 % from the initial baseline to the intervention period. Furthermore. the self direction undertaking had returned to baseline on the 3rd hebdomad and consequences showed that analyzing behavior had occurred for 2. hours on the first twenty-four hours. one hr on the 2nd. none on the 3rd and 4th and two hours on the 5th twenty-four hours.

Therefore. the mean analyzing behavior was 1. 1 hours a twenty-four hours for the 2nd baseline period. Although the mean hours were less compared to the intervention period. nevertheless. there was decidedly an addition compared to the first baseline period. whereby mean hours were merely 0. 4 hours. Next. intercession was once more applied and the 2nd intervention consequences showed that analyzing behavior occurred for one hr on the first twenty-four hours. 2. hours on the 2nd. two hours on the 3rd. one hr on the 4th. and two hours on the 5th twenty-four hours. Hence. the mean studying hours is about 1. 7 hours a twenty-four hours. Therefore. this besides shows that there is an addition of analyzing behavior between the 2nd baseline and 2nd intervention period. Besides that. there is besides a astonishing addition from the initial baseline and 2nd intervention period. that precedes to fluctuate in the 2nd baseline. when intercession was removed.

Discussion The behavior alteration undertaking to increase analyzing behavior was decidedly a success because the graphs showed an addition in hours of analyzing as compared to the baseline informations. therefore bespeaking that there us a functional relationship between the mark behavior and the process. Furthermore. it is clear that the nominal economic system system was a subscriber to the success of increasing analyzing behavior because one time nominal economic system was removed in the 2nd baseline ; the mark behavior had decreased enormously.

In add-on. the mark behavior had increased when the 2nd intercession was applied in the 4th hebdomad. Furthermore. the usage of supports and penalty besides helped me to maintain myself motivated and determined to accomplish the hebdomadal end that was set. Besides that. the usage of within stimulation attenuation helped me generalize my behavior to the subsequent hebdomads in front. hence I had bit by bit adjusted myself with acquiring used to holding less and less prompts throughout the hebdomad.

However. there were besides some restrictions in this undertaking. whereby. the continuance of intervention intercession is excessively short to let the behavior to to the full set and be generalised without the usage of prompts. In add-on. ego monitoring was used during observation of behavior for the baseline informations. Observer may non be trained plenty to enter her ain behavior. hence informations may non be every bit dependable as compared to holding an inter rater observation. Furthermore. the execution of support eventuality was my housemate. and sometimes the supports were given a twenty-four hours subsequently because she is non about.

This has affected the effectivity of the item as a reenforcing effect as some bringings of the item did non happen instantly after the response occurred harmonizing to the expected agenda. Furthermore. due to the hold between the response and item. it could hold besides affected the connexion strength of the behavior. In decision. behaviour alteration is decidedly an effectual intervention method to assist increase. lessening or develop new behaviors and it is applicable to utilize in a assortment of debatable behaviors.