Athens had established an empire and was prone to interfere in the affairs of other cities. An opposition Peloponnesian League formed around Sparta. A series of disputes arose from Athens intervening in Corcyra and Potidaia, which came to a head when Athens banned Peloponnesian city Megara from trading with its empire in order to ruin the city. The Peloponnesian league tried to get this lifted without success and war ensued.

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