Overview Of Photography History Tourism Essay

Photography had its beginnings during the 5th-4th B.C. when Chinese and Grecian philosophers described the basic rules of optics and the camera. Mo-Ti, a Chinese philosopher, discovered that an inverted projection of the outside scene can be developed when light diffuses through a little hole on one side of a darkened room. This find has been the rudimentss of picture taking as similar procedure occurs inside a modern camera. However, it was merely in the 11th century when this procedure is documented in item by Ibn Alhazen. Ibn Alhazen, an Islamic scientist, elaborated this rule by carry oning experiments utilizing a lantern strategically placed in forepart of a similar set-up.

Leonardo Da Vinci, during the age of enlightenment, made farther alterations to the picture taking procedure by utilizing a little box for projections alternatively of a big room and a lens alternatively of a simple hole. With mirrors, the image is clearer and could be prjected into a piece of paper. In the seventeenth century, Johannes Kepler gave the device its name: Camera Obscura, Latin for “ dark room. ”

In 1814, Joseph Niepce created the first photographic image, nevertheless, the image required eight hours of light exposure and later faded. Louis Daguerre ‘s continued Niepce ‘s work after his decease. Daguerre developed the “ Daguerrotype Process ” which reduced entire exposure clip and made images a commercial world. This resulted in a fixed image within 30 proceedingss of light exposure and did non melt. In 1841, William Henry Talbot patented the “ Calotype Process ” , a positive-negative procedure which allowed him to make a individual negative image during exposure doing possible to publish limitless figure of positive transcripts.

The Film Era ( 1880 – 1989 )

The innovation of practical movie axial rotation engineering changed the universe of picture taking forever. Up until this point, the bulky and cumbrous photographic home bases became a thing of the past as they were replaced by lighter and more portable photographic home bases. George Eastman made this into world by contriving the paper-based photographic movie and a complimentary camera which was little plenty to take anyplace and required no proficient cognition to utilize. He started his ain company called “ Eastman Kodak ” to market these merchandises. Through his innovations, a client can take tonss of images and afterwards post the camera back to Kodak to develop prints of their images.

As picture taking becomes more accessible, many people felt that it is a superior tool for making realistic portrayals, landscape and still life which picture had fulfilled in the nineteenth century. Advancement in engineering farther lead to the development of films and film.

The Digital Era ( 1990 – nowadays )

The engineering behind the digital camera was invented in 1969. However, it was merely in 1981 when Sony came out with a paradigm digital camera which could take still images and hive away them on a floppy disc. The first digital camera which was really placed in the market was produced by Logitech. It has internal memory which can hive away 32 images. Within twenty old ages after the debut of the first digital camera, digital engineering developed at a really speedy gait.

Digital cameras can equal and even exceed the degree of item offered by film-based theoretical accounts. It has besides become less and less expensive doing digital cameras more accessible to stop clients. Further, exposure can be taken anytime anyplace due to the integrating of cameras in cellular telephones. Smartphones today even have cameras which can offer high declaration exposures and pictures.

William claude dukenfields of Photography

Professional picture taking is a broad sphere which can offer wide-range of calling chances. In picture taking, whether as a calling or as a avocation, it is inportant to happen a specific country of specialisation or a niche. By concentrating on a specific type of picture taking, a individual can go an adept and can polish his accomplishments and techniques. The following are general types of picture taking which are deriving popularity and has been a beginning of calling and income for professional lensmans:

Photojournalism – This field requires that exposures be able to state narrative or describe a specific event or incident. This genre is therefore utile in publication and intelligence companies. Photojournalism covers documental picture taking, street picture taking, famous person picture taking and athleticss picture taking. Like traditional news media, photojournalism should purely follow to demands of seasonableness, objectiveness and nonpartisanship.

Nature Photography – This type of picture taking is really much demanded by media houses like the National Geographic and is ideal for a individual who loves to remain out-of-doorss to research nature. A calling in this field covers landscape picture taking, wildlife picture taking, submerged picture taking, and cloudscape picture taking.

Manner Photography – In this field, exposure are used as an effectual manner of pass oning to the manner industry. A manner lensman captures exposures of theoretical accounts have oning apparels and accoutrements and makes them really originative in order to pull and promote people who loves to cognize the best and latest about vesture and accoutrements.

Commercial Photography – In commercial picture taking, exposures are used for advertizements. Commercial lensmans should so be able to foreground the merchandise to be promoted and must work in close coordination with advertisement houses.

Marrying Photography – This garnered the highest popularity among the other Fieldss of picture taking as marrying picture taking tends to be moneymaking despite of bad economic system. This covers capturing the twosome ‘s minutes before the nuptials, during the nuptials and at the response. This field is considered to be already fragmented in Philippines due to the presence of several marrying lensmans and studios. Hence, an draw a bead oning nuptials lensman may confront tight competition with the current industry participants.

Challenges in the Filipino Photography Industry

Presently, there is no published criterion rates for picture taking services in the Philippines. This causes a quandary for Filipino lensmans. Some lensmans would bear down really high and some would bear down really low. The handiness of low-cost professional digital cameras lead to an addition in the figure of people come ining the concern of professional picture taking. Without a mention for picture taking rates, the natural inclination is for these new lensmans to bear down at a really low monetary value. This state of affairs consequence in a impairment of the market value of picture taking services.

Pack-a-Photographer Servicess

Pack-a-photographer pertains to the hiring of a professional holiday lensman who would take exposure of twosome ‘s, friends ‘s or household ‘s holiday. The professional holiday lensman would take high-quality exposures and would capture the best minutes of the trip without the vacationists worrying about conveying the camera, bear downing the battery or taking the exposure themselves. Besides, a holiday lensman would already hold the cognition as to where the best musca volitanss for taking images are.

Vacation picture taking is like uniting nature picture taking and travel picture taking. Of class vacationists would desire to take exposures of the topographic point they have visited and at the same clip desire to maintain a memory of the clip they have spent in that topographic point. However, they may non be able to accomplish these things due to miss of information about the topographic point, insufficiency of point and shoot cameras and camera phones and besides the fuss of capturing the minute themselves. Hence, holiday lensmans come into the image in order to react to these demands of tourers.

Andrea Petersen of the Wall Street Journal mentioned in her article that a turning figure of hotels and resorts are offering Sessionss with lensmans to chronicle invitees ‘ holidaies. The resorts mentioned in her article are Rosewood Resort in Antiqua, Four Seasons Resort in Hawaii and Walt Disney World. On the contrary, pack-a-photographer service is non yet offered to vacationists in the Philippines.

Rival Analysis

Assorted professional lensmans and studios are distributed around the universe. A elaborate survey of each studio would so be impractical. This part aims to concentrate on picture taking companies which offer holiday picture taking. The identified companies may non present as direct rivals sing that the aim of this survey is to offer holiday picture taking in the Philippines, a location where these participants are absent. However, placing them, cognizing their competences and finding their monetary value scopes may enable a prospective investor to cognize about the industry and to hold mentions as to the degree of service and monetary value offerings. The undermentioned companies were identified through web logs and newspaper articles.

Tricia & A ; Co. Photographers – Established in 1997 and the first and chief studio is located in Destin, Florida. Aside from household holiday portrayals, Tricia & A ; Co. Photographers offers beach and marrying portrayals to Northwest Florida visitants. The Company has besides several subdivisions in the US and Europe and is continually spread outing operations through its planetary franchisee concern enlargement. The Company besides boasts of Tricia Keffe, the award-winning lead lensman, who blends her proficient expertness, creativeness, spontaneousness and fun-loving attitude in her exposure Sessionss. Vacation bundles range from $ 500 to $ 1,000 an hr.

Island Photography – Established by Alex and Cheryl Ipiotis in 1986. Island Photography specializes in snaping graduations, route races, athleticss and yearbook picture taking. However, it besides ventured into holiday picture taking for vacationists on North Carolina ‘s Outer Banks.

Joseph Jones Photography – Joseph Jones caters to photography assignments in Antigua and Barbuda and the Caribbean Islands. His holiday picture taking bundle amounts to $ 800 per hr.

Disney Fine Art Photography – Families sing Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida can bask their holiday while the Disney lensman seizes their memories in Disney World. The bundle costs $ 350 for one-hour exposure session and includes image sweetenings, retouching and originative portrayal theatrical production.

PhotoTrek Tours – PhotoTrek Tours allows tourers to see New York City through their private walking Tourss and at the same clip taking their exposures in the metropolis ‘s most exciting locations. In add-on, the circuit usher gives information to tourers as to the background and history of the topographic point being visited. Photographic bundle ranges from $ 100 – $ 175 per individual within two to three hours walking circuit.

Figure 4: Rival Analysis

Company

Location

Monetary value Scope

Selling

Competitive Strengths

Tricia & A ; Co. Photographers

California, Florida, France, Hawaii, Colorado and Nevada

$ 500 – $ 1,000 / hr

Company web site, Media through visual aspects on Good Morning America, MSNBC and Business Insider

Fast growing due to the Global Franchisee Expansion

Island Photography

North Carolina

None mentioned

Company web site

More into graduations, route races, athleticss and yearbook picture taking

Joseph Jones Photography

Antigua and Barbuda and Caribbean Islands

$ 800 / hr

Affiliations with luxury hotels

Referrals from corporate clients and high-net worth persons

Disney Fine Art Photography

Florida

$ 350 for an hr

Exclusive affiliation with Disney World

Strong trade name due to association with Disney

PhotoTrek Tours

New York

$ 100 – $ 175 per individual within two to three hours walking circuit.

Photography service is incorporated with the walking circuit

Handles each walking circuit with a limited figure of people ( 2-3 people )

Customer Analysis

Needs

With the coming of societal media, communicating and updates to friends are made with merely the tip of the fingertips. Social media sites have been a manner for people non merely for communicating and networking but besides for boasting and elating their self-esteem. Peoples upload images, check-in to topographic points and station position updates when dining out, going or even merely hanging out with friends. As such for vacationists, there is a demand for clear and sharp images of their holiday experience for certification, for recollection and for sharing with friends and relations. Now, holiday experience can ne’er be kept in large household exposure albums. Having first-class exposure of their holiday is like stating the universe that they have perfect lives or that they have a perfect trip.

However, there are assorted challenges in taking a perfect exposure. First, ordinary point and shoot cameras, every bit good as nomadic phones, may non be able to capture the beauty of the scenery and the experience itself. Second, it is rather a fuss to take the exposure yourself. In a group of travellers, person will be the one to take the images and hence, will ever be left-out. There are besides times when vacationists have to change by reversal the camera and stretch their weaponries to take a image of themselves which frequently end up with their large faces on the screen. Third, vacationists would hold to worry about conveying the camera, protecting the equipment for dust and H2O and bear downing the battery. Often, vacationists would experience frustrated whenever their camera batteries become empty and there are no trim batteries handy. Fourth, it is rather awkward to inquire a alien or the hotel/restaurant employee to take a exposure of the group. Fifth, recreational exposure may non ever ensue in something which vacationists can experience proud to portion.

Spending Form

Datas obtained from the National Statistics Coordination Board as to the outgos of inward tourers revealed that shopping and assorted disbursement are the biggest majority of the tourers ‘ disbursals. In 2010, shopping and assorted disbursement aggregated to 30 % of the entire outgo ( see Figure 5 ) . This is followed by adjustment and nutrient and drink at 28 % and 22 % , severally ( see Figure 5 ) . Similarly, shopping and assorted disbursement topped the list by 55 % for the domestic touristry outgos ( see Figure 6 ) .

Figure 5: Inbound Tourism Expenditure by merchandises, 2000 – 2010

Beginning: National Statistics Coordination Board

Figure 6: Domestic Tourism Expenditure by merchandises, 2000 – 2010

Beginning: National Statistics Coordination Board

Shopping and assorted disbursement pertains to the disbursals incurred by the tourers in purchasing or leasing equipment and cogwheels related to a touristry activity, entryway fees, every bit good as disbursals incurred for purchasing keepsakes.

Purpose of Visit and Travel Agreements

Vacation remains the chief intent of visit to the Philippines ( see Figure 7 ) . This is followed by sing friends and relations. Business-related touristry and medical touristry consist a non so important per centum as to the grounds why tourers come into the state.

With respect to go agreement, tourers tend to prefer independent trips alternatively of a packaged circuit ( see Figure 8 ) .

Figure 7: Visitors Purpose of Visit Figure 8: Visitors Travel Agreement

Beginning: Department of Tourism

Porter ‘s Five Forces Analysis

Dickering Power of Supplier

The providers in this instance are the camera equipment sellers, every bit good as the hotels which may go the possible confederates to advance the pack-a-photographer service to vacationists. The overall bargaining power of these groups is deemed to be medium. As a picture taking concern offering high-quality exposures, it is indispensable to hold good equipment such as cameras and lenses. Since assorted Sellerss and picture taking equipment are available in the market, the bargaining power of camera equipment seller would non present a possible menace. On the other manus, if affiliations with luxury hotels would be pursued as a concern theoretical account, so keeping a good relationship with the hotel operators is important. Otherwise, the concern may hold a difficult clip deriving clients and perforating the market.

Dickering Power of Customers

This is assessed to be low as there is no bing pack-a-photographer service being offered in the Philippines yet. In instance the consequence of this research would be executable, so the concern may obtain the first-mover advantage in puting monetary values. In add-on, there is no published criterion rate of services in picture taking industry. As such, clients will hold a difficult clip comparing monetary values from one studio to another.

Menace of New Entrants

The menace of new entrants for this sort of concern is assessed to be high due to the being of inexpensive digital cameras and peripherals. In this age of digital picture taking, anyone with a digital individual lens reflex ( DSLR ) camera can claim to be a lensman. Further, bing picture taking studios such as those making marrying picture taking may come in this field one time they realized that holiday picture taking is a moneymaking concern.

Menace of Substitute Merchandises

The menace of replacement merchandises is medium. Substitute merchandises for holiday picture taking are souvenir points such as jerseies, key ironss, bookmarks, mugs, etc. Vacationers may besides choose to take images among themselves or near a alien. However, if the concern would appeal to the esteem demands of the clients such as his/her desire for acknowledgment, so this menace can be lowered down to moo. Further, vacationists may still purchase souvenir points and at the same clip help of a pack-a-photographer service.

Competitive Rivalry within the Industry

At the present, competition is considered to be low as there are no bing rivals yet in the domestic market. However, competition may increase as clip base on ballss by. Hence, the appraisal will be upgraded to high in the subsequent old ages.

Using the Porter ‘s five forces theoretical account, holiday picture taking is deemed to be a reasonably attractive industry. In the subsequent old ages, it is expected that the industry would go attractive for the established and bing participants but unattractive for prospective participants.

Decision

The end of the Filipino authorities to increase the figure of tourer reachings and the recent moves that are perpetuated in order to accomplish this end open an chance for holiday picture taking. In the first half of 2012 entirely, the Philippines have seen a important growing in the inflow of tourer in the state. The DOT is positive that the end of 10 million foreign tourers and 35 million domestic travellers by 2016 will be attained. Riding with the roar in touristry, every bit good as the turning demand from vacationists, holiday picture taking can be a moneymaking concern. The Filipino market for holiday picture taking is still untapped at the minute and is considered for important growing in the hereafter. Further, non-existence of rivals in the same field gives the concern the first-mover advantage in reacting to the demand.

Certain challenges may be faced with respect to set uping the monetary value for the pack-a-photographer service due to the absence of published standard rates. The being of holiday lensmans in other states can be taken advantage when set uping the monetary values by utilizing their several rates as mention.

Analyzing the disbursement form of tourers gives us thought that there is a room available for holiday picture taking services in the budget of vacationists. Tourists ‘ penchant for travel agreement besides gives us an thought where an effectual selling channel would be made. In this instance, direct selling and affiliations with luxury hotels can be considered among the options.