The Decrease Leg Shaking Psychology Essay

Anxiety is a normal emotion, and we all encounter anxiousness in certain state of affairss that causes us be dying. When we are dying, we would see physical symptoms originating in response to anxiousness ( Ginsburg, Riddle, & A ; Davies, 2006 ; Roth, Antony, & A ; Swinson, 1999 ) , such as “ musculus tenseness and stomach ache ” which affect our mundane lives, known as bodily symptoms ( Ginsburg et al. , 2006 ) . Social anxiousness is a upset that happens when a individual faces a societal state of affairs and reacts in response to fear or straiten due to feelings of insufficiency and low dignity ( Bogels, 2006 ; Hofmann, 2007 ; Purdon, Antony, Monterio, & A ; Swinson, 2001 ) . This happens to me when I am in certain societal state of affairs, I get societal anxiousness that I tend to agitate my legs.

For this behaviour alteration plan, I have chosen to diminish and command my leg-shaking behavior. It has been trouble oneselfing me and it has been doing annoyance to certain people who were and are in my presence. The operational definition of leg-shaking is that for this plan, I tested the consequence of leg-shaking on my public presentation during the times when I was sitting down ( which was when the leg-shaking behavior about ever occurred ) . I needed to cognize precisely what kind of leg-shaking behavior I was executing and how I should mensurate it. I needed to cognize what type of public presentation I am proposing that leg-shaking behavior affected, and how I should mensurate that. Furthermore, I needed to cognize the implicit in causes and triggers of my leg-shaking behavior, which I believe is triggered by anxiousness that I normally experience, but non every bit much as earlier, in societal state of affairss.

First and first, behaviour alteration is defined as a technique of behaviour alteration that is based on the processs of the rules of larning psychological science to measure and find a individual ‘s or any other being ‘s private and public actions and reactions in order to help in bettering one ‘s mundane life style ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . Basically, behavior alteration is founded on the constructs of operant conditioning. It is a technique to better an person ‘s behaviour by altering the manner a individual acts to a peculiar state of affairs or stimuli utilizing positive and negative support. In consequence, it replaces an unwanted behaviour to a more desirable behaviour.

There are regulations to follow and that are critical when planning and prosecuting in a behaviour alteration plan. These includes regulations of such as positive and negative support, ratio agenda, extinction, defining, and agendas of support ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) .

The following are brief definitions of some of the footings mentioned above: Positive support means that a peculiar stimulation that is given on the topographic point increases the likeliness of a peculiar response to happen another clip ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . Negative support means that a peculiar stimulation is being removed to increase a peculiar response or to maintain a peculiar response in a current coveted province ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . Extinction is applied in operant conditioning, and it refers to the procedure of altering the province of a learned response by guaranting to no longer reenforcing that peculiar response ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . There are booby traps that occurs in the procedure of extinction which I discussed subsequently in this paper. The procedure of defining is the support of changing and commanding a learned response through the procedure of altering that response much closer to desired response, but non precisely ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . In this plan, I would be determining my behavior by jumping my leg-shaking behavior to a more coveted behavior, which is sitting down with my pess steadfastly on the land without agitating my legs.

A agenda of support is a plan that determines how and when the frequence of a response occurrence will be followed by a reinforcing stimulus ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . The bringing of a reinforcing stimulus could depend on the frequence of a certain figure of responses, the transition of clip, the presence of certain stimulations, the happening of other responses of the animate being, or any figure of other things happening ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . There are different agendas of support, I will discourse really briefly about the of import 1s that I implemented in this behaviour alteration plan.

One of the different agendas of support are the agendas of intermittent support. There are four different agendas of intermittent support which are differential support of low rates ( abbreviated as DRL ) , differential support of zero reacting ( abbreviated as DRO ) , differential support of incompatible behavior ( abbreviated as DRI ) , and differential support of alternate behavior ( abbreviated as DRA ) ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . In this plan, I used the DRO intercession. DRO means that support merely occurs when a peculiar response does non go on at a clip ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . This peculiar response is being modified to another behavior, and that behavior would be reinforced alternatively ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) .

Another agenda of support is ratio agenda which is defined as that support depends merely on the figure of responses a individual or any other life thing has performed ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . Support that depends on merely some of the clip are said to affect partial or intermittent support ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . In interval agendas, responses are reinforced merely if the responses occur after a certain sum of clip has passed ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . In fixed interval agenda ( brief FI ) , the set clip is changeless from one juncture to the following ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) . With a variable interval agenda ( brief VI ) , responses are reinforced if they occur after a variable interval since the beginning of the agenda rhythm ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) .These are the regulations of psychological science of behavior alteration that I employed in the plan. Since I applied the intermittent agenda, I did non utilize the uninterrupted agenda as this involves reenforcing a response or a behaviour every clip it happens ( Martin & A ; Pear, 2011 ) .

Not many research have been done on the effects of leg-shaking behavior on an person ‘s well-being and/or on the effects it may hold on other persons environing a individual with leg-shaking behavior. Not merely the literature on leg-shaking behavior is really limited, but instance surveies focus oning on the effects of this behavior and on commanding or modifying the behavior are limited as good. The undermentioned research can be used to place early emotional and behavioral development, supplying an chance for interventions for non merely persons my age, but for younger age groups as well- peculiarly in the early phase of emotional and behavioral development that are riotous such as the leg-shaking behavior.

Bogels ( 2006 ) stated that persons with societal phobic disorder ( besides known as societal anxiousness upset ) tend to hold straitening feelings of non being accepted by others who are cognizant of the physical symptoms these persons have. These physical symptoms, such as shaking, which closely relates to my leg-shaking behavior, that these persons present on history of distressing and unpleasant ideas about themselves are doing troubles for them and to others around them ( Bogels, 2006 ) . In Bogels ‘s ( 2006 ) research, participants with societal phobic disorder, and who were within the age group of 17 to 65 were tested for their ability to diminish their inclination of attentive to their physical symptoms of anxiousness. The intent of this research was to find whether if participants turn their attending to a task-oriented activity called undertaking concentration preparation, would decrease their anxiousness and decrease their physical symptoms of anxiousness ( Bogels, 2006 ) . The consequences showed that the experiment was successful as participants diverted attending from their physical symptoms of anxiousness to a task-oriented activity. The survey of participants who were afraid of exhibiting the physical symptoms of anxiousness support the impression that persons from a broad scope of age group, can modify these types of behavior by concentrating on work. However, it did non demo whether persons under the age of 17 can.

In another survey, a male participant who was 26 old ages at that clip, and who suffered from mental developmental disablement was studied ( LeBlanc, Hagopian, & A ; Maglieri, 2000 ) . It was made clear that even though this is a individual with a mental developmental disablement at grownup age, ( a individual ) can accommodate one ‘s behavior by utilizing or take parting in a nominal economic system ( LeBlanc et al. , 2000 ) . The research workers employed the DRO intervals and agenda to cut down this adult male ‘s socially unacceptable and unwanted behaviors ( LeBlanc et al. , 2006 ) . The consequences showed that the intervention was effectual as it decreased the happening of the participant ‘s socially unacceptable behavior.

The jobs with LeBlanc et Al. ‘s ( 2000 ) research were non merely there was one participant recruited for this survey and that he had developmental disablements ; but the behavior that has been modified had to make with his “ inappropriate societal interactions ” . Even though this may non exactly relates to my subject, I chose for my literature reappraisal in research because my leg-shaking behavior has been impacting the manner I interact with others who has been detecting this. This may go on to impact me and others if I did non try to alter this. Therefore, this leg-shaking behavior is considered socially inappropriate. In add-on to this note, I besides used the same support in my plan.

The first intent of this research was to look into whether when a individual ‘s leg-shaking behavior caused by anxiousness creates troubles in one ‘s lifestyle and/or get in the manner of others around this individual. The 2nd intent was to look into whether if and when a individual learns how to command and diminish the happening of this leg-shaking behavior by relieving and bettering the internalizing and projecting province of a individual AIDSs in overall wellbeing and AIDSs in non doing perturbation to others.

How I Selected My Target Behaviour and Why it ‘s Appropriate for this Assignment

Two other behaviors I was sing working on, but decided to work on my leg-shaking behaviour alternatively were to increase my piano playing pattern, and to exert more. They were appropriate for the assignment, but they were non realistic for me to work on this semester. I am seldom place, hence the chance of cookery and healthier nutrient was really slender during the clip. However, the chance of exerting during the clip was reasonably likely to happen, but I did non comprehend this behavior to be as critical to alter as my leg-shaking behaviour. I wanted to work to alter a behavior that is non merely impacting me and others, but that it is besides more simple and more accomplishable to work on during the past months. Furthermore, these other two behaviours are both common behavior that I believe most people use for a undertaking similar to this behaviour alteration plan.

Controling Ancestors of Pre-Program Behaviour

The root of my wont most likely started and had to make with a societal state of affairs I was confronting when I was really immature. I was highly diffident. I had societal anxiousness. My fright of being in any societal state of affairss or interactions made me so nervous that it could be the chief trigger of my agitating legs.

Pre-Program Behaviour Degree

In this subdivision, I will depict how I observed my behavior. During the procedure of this observation, I found that I had accustomed ideas that momently flash through my head. Here my undertaking was to replace these accustomed ideas or bad believing wonts with good thought wonts. By making so, I would make new ideas that became my new accustomed ideas. These ideas came from my feelings of anxiousness, peculiarly in societal state of affairs or stressed state of affairs. I counted to maintain anxiousness in cheque so that it would non promote my old accustomed negative ideas. The ground is that my accustomed ideas affected the manner I saw myself in a important manner in state of affairs, and still make a little. If I did non alter my thought, my old accustomed ideas will go on to perpetuate my leg-shaking behavior.

Controling Consequences of Pre-Program Behaviour

Not commanding my leg- shaking behavior is rewarded with being able to merely concentrate while analyzing or listening to talks or making other things when sitting down. This allows me to non believe about supervising my leg-shaking invariably and to freely show my interior feelings of anxiousness by allowing my subconscious behavior takes over. By detaching myself from detecting and being mindless of my leg-shaking behavior elicited by feelings of anxiousness and overgeneralising. In psychological footings this procedure is called positive support for a behavior such as leg-shaking. I shake my leg and in return get rewarded by acquiring off with acting any manner I want when I am experiencing dying, stressed, or nervous. The manner positive support plants is that one time I get rewarded for my leg-shaking behavior I am more likely to make it once more.

My Self-Modification Plan

For my self-modification plan, since I planned on altering my thought forms in order to forestall me at least from agitating my legs excessively frequently, so I rewarded myself with a reasonable wages. The reasonable wages was that one time I have controlled my leg-shaking behaviour, I could listen to music. I had to gain a privilege to be able to listen to a vocal or vocals longer as listening to music is really honoring for me. This applied to the nominal economic system as I was utilizing proceedingss of listening to music as a wages for non agitating my legs when I am dying in a societal state of affairs.

I kept path of proceedingss on a sheet. I started with two hours of listening to music per twenty-four hours. I usually did non listen to 2 hours of music heterosexual, but this was accomplishable. I can non truly hear the music without earphone so I asked one of my household members to take away my earphone from me for the twenty-four hours and so give it back to me sometime after 10 at dark. I lost a minute of listening to music when I failed to command my leg-shaking behavior. At the terminal of the twenty-four hours, I listened to the sum of clip I have earned to listen to music provided that I have any proceedingss left. Whenever I got sidetracked by my work and other distractions, so for every leg-shaking behavior I do, I subtracted one minute of listening to music.

In add-on to this note, cubic decimeter laid out a program, including doing notes of the important minutes that I was less likely and most likely to agitate my legs unconsciously on history of experiencing dying, stressed, or nervous. I prepared for my important minutes by turning to helpful beginnings of influence, a friend and a household member. Then I planned on get downing calculated pattern by puting myself to a alluring state of affairs. In short, my end was to see the desire but non to give in agitating my leg to show my feelings of anxiousness externally.

My Plan in Action

This was the portion when I employed calculated pattern particularly pattern for important minutes. I broke the stairss into little pieces, and pattern each measure in short intervals. I besides got immediate feedback at times against a clear criterion, and evaluated my advancement. I learned to be prepare for reverses and I was besides prepared for them some of the times.

As mentioned earlier, the particular and mensurable behavior I have been supervising was to try to extinguish my leg-shaking behavior. From the start of the plan, I measured the happening to anxiousness, every bit good as the strength and frequence of anxiousness as my anxiousness have been triping my leg-shaking behavior to be present. Furthermore, I have been detecting and maintaining path of my thought mistakes that usually preceded my leg-shaking behavior. I besides have been supervising my betterment in commanding and decreasing my leg-shaking behavior by prosecuting in how frequently I subconsciously performed leg-shaking behavior and by diminishing the frequence and strength of my anxiousness so that my leg-shaking behavior will fade out after the plan ends.

I have been using intermittent support in my plan. Continuous support would non work as I found that I had non ever been cognizant of when I shook my legs in certain state of affairss. The unexpected surprise I learned was that I even shook my legs when I was non in societal state of affairs. I shook my legs when I worked on my school assignments.

Because of this, I started to meet booby traps. The booby traps I have encountered throughout this plan were that I often thought of alibis to avoid handling my leg-shaking behavior. At times in category or in any societal state of affairs, I fell into my thought traps and engaged in these thought forms which resulted in my accustomed leg-shaking behavior.

Evaluation of My Program

Mentioning to the degree of the behaviour pre-program and during the plan ( see Figure 1 in the Appendix ) , my effort to diminish my inclination to agitate my leg did non work in the beginning of the plan due to the effects of hold of wages. But it did worked subsequently on after the first month I started the plan. When it came to the usage of wages in the plan, the of import constituent in the wages is the interval between the behavior and the wages. I found that when the hold of having wages increased, it did non honor the coveted behavior every bit much as I wanted it to. Therefore, such holds in having wagess was non effectual in changing a behavior. This sort of applied to the usage of penalty to diminish a behavior. If the interval between the unwanted behavior and penalty is delayed, so the penalty would non be effectual in stamp downing such behaviors ( Martin & A ; Pear ) .

Therefore, I should do notes that in the hereafter my coveted behavior should be rewarded instantly. If this does non work, so another alteration I might do is to utilize penalty alternatively when I shake my legs.

Ending the Program ; Future Plans

Although I am done with the behaviour alteration plan, I plan on go oning to pull off my leg-shaking behavior, which, once more, happens when I get dying. I will seek to slowly halt myself from depending on the plan to maintain my leg-shaking behavior under control. I will maintain a long-run position to better my behavior and to better myself. I plan on rehearsing non merely self control, but self-care as I tend to meet emphasis or period of anxiousness in the face of hard state of affairss such as talking up in category as I am diffident. I will assist myself feel at easiness during periods of emphasis by trying to utilize what I learned from the behavior techniques and exercises this semester.

Even though I will non depend on the exercisings and techniques I have applied in my plan, I believe I still need regular exposure to anxiety-provoking state of affairss in order to remain in status. I believe this will assist me over the long term to maintain myself habituated to the experiences that I learned from in state of affairss I found were and still are a small anxiety-provoking.

Discussion and Decision

What I learned from this experience was that my obsessional ideas and compulsive leg-shaking behavior did non do sense. These believing forms that I fell into when I am nervous, stressed, sad, or depressed were by and large credible, and negative, and they made my life more ambitious than they needed to be. Even though I did non to the full believe my obsessional ideas, I found that I often engaged in my leg-shaking behavior to acquire the obsessional ideas to halt. I overestimated the chance of hazard that if something could travel incorrect, it will travel incorrect. I am guilty of overgeneralising things. So I held back many times from seting myself in certain state of affairs that meant no injury to me or anyone, and of course I slipped into my leg-shaking behavior.

When I triggered one of my old accustomed ideas, I corrected it with the positive one so that these positive ideas became my new accustomed ideas. Even though I am done with this behavioral alteration plan for the class, I still need to thoroughly weave this fact into my memory whenever my leg-shaking behavior work stoppages. This manner, I will be able to weave this fact into my witting control to draw the stopper on my inclination to worry and to overgeneralise which triggers leg-shaking behavior. I know that the more I pattern this new behavior, the more likely I will make it in the hereafter so that I do non return to my former province of leg-shaking behavior.

A higher lessening in behaviour degree as shown in the appendix consequences when I held back from overgeneralising or from ask foring pessimistic ideas that triggered my leg-shaking in societal state of affairs. My new behavior improved significantly after I was concentrating on altering thought forms. This supports the impression that concentrating on another activity ( such as partaking in nominal economic system or that is task-oriented ) can help in diminishing a behavior that is bothersome ( Bogels, 2006 ; LeBlanc et al. , 2000 ) .

Mentions

Bogels, S. M. ( 2006 ) . Task concentration developing versus applied relaxation, in combination with cognitive therapy, for societal phobic disorder patients with fright of blushing, shaking, and sudating. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44 ( 8 ) , 1199-1210. Department of the Interior: hypertext transfer protocol: //dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.08.010

Ginsburg, G. S. , Riddle, M. A. , & A ; Davies, M. ( 2006 ) . Bodily symptoms in kids and striplings with anxiousness disorders.Journal of the American Academy of Child & A ; Adolescent Psychiatry, A 45 ( 10 ) , 1179-1187. Department of the Interior: hypertext transfer protocol: //dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000231974.43966.6e

Hofmann, S. G. ( 2007 ) . Cognitive factors that maintain societal anxiousness upset: A comprehensive theoretical account and its intervention implications.A Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, A 36 ( 4 ) , 193-209. Department of the Interior: hypertext transfer protocol: //dx.doi.org/10.1080/16506070701421313

LeBlanc, L. A. , Hagopian, L. P. , & A ; Maglieri, K. A. ( 2000 ) . Use of a nominal economic system to extinguish inordinate inappropriate societal behaviour in an grownup with developmental disablements. Behavioral Interventions, 15 ( 2 ) , 135-143. Department of the Interior: 3.0.CO ; 2-3 ” TARGET= ” _blank ” & gt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //dx.doi.org/10.1002/ ( SICI ) 1099-078X ( 200004/06 ) 15:2 & lt ; 135: :AID-BIN51 & gt ; 3.0.CO ; 2-3

Purdon, C. , Antony, M. , Monteiro, S. , & A ; Swinson, R. P. ( 2001 ) . Social anxiousness in college students.A Journal of Anxiety Disorders,15 ( 3 ) , 203-215. Department of the Interior: hypertext transfer protocol: //dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0887-6185 ( 01 ) 00059-7

Roth, D. , Antony, M. M. , & A ; Swinson, R. P. ( 2001 ) . Interpretations for anxiousness symptoms in societal phobic disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39 ( 2 ) , 129-138. Department of the Interior: hypertext transfer protocol: //dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967 ( 99 ) 00159-X