As an independent city-state, it had the option of deciding whether to participate and which side to join.

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Some Greek city-states sided with Persia.

Sparta:
stayed out of the early phase – the Ionian Revolt 499-493 BCE;

decided to support Athens at Marathon 490 BCE but arrived too for the battle;

led the Greek side during the Persian invasion 480-479 BCE;

then withdrew from the remainder of the war 478-449 BCE, having its own problems of conflict with Tegea and Argos and an internal revolt by its serf population.

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