The Feasibility of Moringa Oleifera Essay

Due to the toxics that can be found anyplace. different harmful consequence on the users may happen that could finally take to serious conditions that society might confront in the hereafter ; Natural inks could be the solution to decrease these harmful effects. Natural inks could decrease the effects of Global heating and depletion of the ozone bed. more on the status that may do the universe worse in the hereafter. Since natural inks are one of the people demand. natural ink can be more economically sound compared to commercialized inks. It is really low-cost. since it is easy to carry on. inexpensive and proved effectual. The research workers want to compare and prove set ups affecting the two mixtures of ink. For Moringa Oleifera extract 4 sets was made. these sets consist of different sum of mixture. Put A has 100 % Moringa oleifera infusion. B has 1:1 ratio of infusion ( 50 % ) and dye ( 50 % ) . C has 2:3 ratio of infusion ( 40 % ) and dye ( 60 % ) and D has 3:2 ratio of infusion and dye.

For Rice Stock 3 sets was made. Put A has 1:1 ratio of rice stock ( 50 % ) and dye ( 50 % ) . B has 2:3 ratio of rice stock ( 40 % ) and dye ( 60 % ) and C has 3:2 ratio of rice stock ( 60 % ) and dye ( 40 % ) . Inks have been placed on a fictile syringe and transferred in an ink tubing. Different sets were tested on a piece of paper and detect its consistence and chromaticity. The research workers succeeded in the consequences of the experiment which shows that their hypothesis is right ; Set C for Moringa Oleifera and Set B for Rice stock was amongst the best consequences from the others. It was observed that it has the highest consistence and has the most ink visibleness. With the thickness of the ink. the pen didn’t dissipate when used for composing. From the consequences it was proven that with the usage of abundant natural ingredients such as Moringa Oleifera and Rice stock can be used as ink bases. Introduction

Inks have ever been an indispensable portion of the lives of human. These are primary usage for communicating and informations entering. Offices. workstations and even academic establishments have been utilizing ink particularly for their documents plants and some other related activities. However. with the coming of extremely commercialized points and supplies. people have trouble in buying some basic things that are necessary to their plants. Commercial inks are made utilizing different compounds such as rosins and lubricators that brings harmful effects to the wellness of the users. Inks are besides made up of a mixture of H peroxide and ammonium hydroxide. therefore. a great hazard of ink poisoning if escapes and breakages occur. Due to the pollution that is discernible in the universe now. being environment-friendly through basic mundane things that are used is critical. An alternate ingredient for doing ink that has been found to possess such benefits that would assist decrease pollution were the Moringa Oleifera ( known as Malunggay ) and Rice stock. Moringa Oleifera has many utilizations most particularly its parts.

They are an exceptionally good beginning of provitamin A. vitamins B and C. minerals ( in peculiar Fe ) . and the sulphur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine. Moringa Oleifera leaves was said to be the most alimentary portion. where inks was to be made with the usage of its infusion. doubtless utilizing this ingredient is safe in carry oning an ink. In today’s modern universe. about every merchandise has been commercialized and people sought for merchandises that are more natural and cheaper alternatively. The creative activity of ink with alternate ingredient to be commercialized is a demand for the pupils every bit good as for the people. The research worker idea of natural ingredient that has great potencies in holding an alternate ballpoint ink due to its safe contents. This experiment was decided to develop that make usage of natural ink bases to advance consciousness and see the efficiency compared to commercialized inks. Statement of the Problem

The research is conducted to prove the feasibleness of Moringa Oleifera and Rice Stock as an ink bases. Furthermore. it aims to reply these inquiries: 1. How does natural ink differ from other commercialized ink? 2. What belongingss of Moringa Oleifera that makes it an effectual natural ink? 3. Will the ink made from Moringa Oleifera infusion dissipate when used for composing? Hypothesis

1. If the natural ink was to be made. so its production will be more economically sound compared to the production of commercialised ink. 2. The Moringa Oleifera infusion provides length of service and colour to the ink that makes it an effectual natural ink. 3. If the ink from Moringa Oleifera infusion was to be made. so it will non disperse when used for composing. Significance of the Study

This survey aims to bring forth natural ink out of Moringa Oleifera Extract and Rice Stock to make an environment-friendly substance. Since Moringa Oleifera can be found anyplace and can be bought in cheaper monetary value. the research workers choose this as an ingredient. This survey will demo how this natural beginning can be used to assist people. particularly office workers. concern people and pupils. This ink can be used for paper plants and besides can be used as an option to the commercialised inks. Commercial inks are made utilizing different chemical compounds like rosins and lubricators that may do harmful effects on the wellness of the users. This becomes even more parlous when the inks are already disposed ; adding to the pollution and lending to Global warming particularly when burned. Moringa Oleifera and Rice stock are two of the many natural ingredients that can be used as ink bases. Scope and Restrictions

This survey aims to prove the effectivity of Moringa Oleifera ( Malunggay )
infusion and Rice Stock to bring forth a lasting ballpen ink. The set-ups are identified as the followers:

I. Moringa Oleifera Extract + Dye

Set A= Pure Moringa Oleifera infusion
Set B= ( with assigned sums )
Set C= ( with assigned sums )
Set D= ( with assigned sums )

II. Rice Stock + Dye

Set A= ( with assigned sums )
Set B= ( with assigned sums )
Set C= ( with assigned sums )

The chief ingredients can be easy gathered around the community. The other stuffs are can be found in the market. This survey limits its coverage on the treatment of lasting ballpen ink production. chemical testing of the sample ink. and the impact of the lasting ink in the environment. The survey focused on proving its effectivity in footings soaking up. stick consistence ; including its acceptableness in footings of colour and olfactory property. This survey will cover 2-3 yearss of observation period for more accurate consequences. Review of Related Literature

Malunggay which is known scientifically as “Moringa Oleifera” the most normally adult species among moringaceae workss with 13 different types. “Moringa” on English name. “Sajina” in Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia and is known “Malunggay” in the Philippines. It has eighty other names used worldwide. It grows widely in tropical clime countries. Malunggay is widely used as vegetable ingredient in cooking. as herbal medical specialty for a figure of unwellness and other practical utilizations. The Malunggay works can turn to every bit high 3 to 9 cusps. It has a white fragrant flower that produces long cods with 3-angled winged seeds. Malunggay may be propagated by seting its seeds about an inch in the land or matured malunggay root film editings of about 3 pess in length may besides be planted into the land. Planted malunggay film editings grow quicker compared to planted seeds. There are a batch of scientific grounds shows malunggay benefits both on nutritionary contents and medicative belongingss.

Malunggay is good known as really good beginning of natural energy supporter and nutrition. Universities around the universe have studied the malunggay abilities. A pulverization seed can be substitute for H2O purification. Malunggay can assist on reconciliation and maintaining all of import organic structure endocrines that contributes for relaxation. The foliage is said to be the most alimentary portion. it may be taken cooked. natural and even powdered. Extraction of Malunggay leaves has besides the feasibleness to do ink pens. In relation to ink surveies. ink was made from natural merchandises such as berries. bark and leaves. Leaf infusions have been used for centuries to make legion colourss that. when assorted with different substances. could be used as dye. pigment or ink. Different workss produced different colorss in the spectrum. and “recipes” were handed down through the coevalss. Leafs have been used for centuries to do ink because of its assorted sunglassess that create xanthous. green. brown or black ink. Plants that contain tanning coloring material can be dependable for doing ink. For centuries. saddle sores nestled from oak trees as primary ingredient to do a black ink. The rich tanning coloring material of cornel and alder tee besides consequences to natural inks. Galls and barks achieve more intense. enduring inks than most of the flower-based inks.

Besides. Egyptians achieved quality ruddy ink with poppies. Harmonizing to Helmenstine. an writer and adviser with a wide scientific and medical background provinces that any acidic fruit juice can be used to do an unseeable ink when combined with acetum to do the ink last thirster. Robbins ( 2010 ) described marker pens as pens which have their ain ink beginning and normally has a tip made of absorbent and pressed fibre and was foremost created by Sidney Rosenthal in 1952. Ink. harmonizing to Encyclopedia. com ( 2011 ) . is a combination of a coloring agent. pigment and liquid containing oil. rosins and chemical dissolvers. In the yesteryear. ink was fashioned from different colored juices. works and carnal infusions. But today. man-made stuffs are used in add-on to these natural ingredients to better the quality of ink devising. Neumann’s and Schluttig’s definition of ink as cited in Lindquist. clearly stated the belongingss of ink that would be helpful in holding a good quality ink. The ink must be clear. filterable solution but non a suspension. should flux easy from the pen and should non distribute on paper. Since the ink is natural. no cast must be seen on the solution and has no pronounced unpleasant olfactory property. Likewise. it must hold an intense coloring material which does non go paler nor bleach out wholly as it is used in authorship.

Furthermore. Lindquist added that every good ink. whether composing. or combined authorship and copying. should hold qualities that give composing that. after drying for eight yearss. is non removed by H2O or intoxicant — even by intervention for yearss — to such an extent that it becomes illegible. The Iowa Soybean Association has conducted a research that soy bean can be a replacement for ink. Soybean oil is an comestible vegetable oil ; soy ink is non comestible or 100 % biodegradable because the pigments and other additives that are assorted with the oil are the same as those used in petroleum-based inks. Degradability surveies conducted by Erhan and Bagby concluded that the pigment bearer in 100-percent soy ink degrades about twice every bit wholly as ink made from soy oil and crude oil rosins. and more than four times every bit wholly as standard crude oil inks. Soy ink is a helpful constituent in paper recycling because the soy ink can be removed more easy than regular ink from paper during the de-inking procedure. Another research worker conducted a similar survey but use different stuff was Caparas ( 2010 ) . he conducted the Production of Natural Dye out of Narra’s ( Pterocarpus indicus ) Sawdust. He determines if the infusion of Narra tree’s sawdust is effectual as a dye.

There were 30 indiscriminately selected respondents as the sample size. The consequence obtained shows that 75 % of the respondents said that Narra’s sawdust can be made into a dye for apparels. However. 25 % of the respondents say that it can’t be a dye. Harmonizing to the observations and consequences obtained. Caparas concluded that Narra’s sawdust can be a beginning of natural dye which is really effectual. and it produces more dyes that are environmental-friendly. In conformity to the survey. Thomson ( 2006 ) stated in his article “Pterocarpus indicus ( Narra ) ” that the duramen of Narra contains assorted ruddy compounds. and is used to do a ruddy dye. The bark infusion can be used for tanning. Tannin or tannic acid is the brown substance found in the bark and foliages of trees. Local research workers who have made similar surveies which used different ingredients were Daphne Divine Calderon Dy. Katarina Josefa Saldana Araneta. Juan Miguel Arsenal Jucaban. Julie Angela Ferreras Saldo ; they are senior pupils of Ateneo de Iloilo. Sta. Maria Catholic School. They conducted Banana Sap and Rice Stock as Ink Bases of Natural Ink. The sap serves as their chief ingredient in doing natural ink. They decided to analyze and develop ball pen and marker inks that uses natural ink bases to advance consciousness and see the efficiency compared to the commercial ink of which will undergo different refinement procedures but will still continue the nature of pens for the primary benefit of the environment. Methodology

Materials:
* Casserole/ Beaker
* Malunggay foliages
* 1 kilogram uncooked rice
* 3 ? cups of H2O
* 7 tbsp. Food coloring/ dye ( any colour )
* Containers
* Old Handkerchief/ fabric
* Mortar and pestle
* Plastic syringe ( without acerate leaf )
* Ink tubings ( from used ballpoints )
Procedures:
1. Preparation of infusion
a. Gather all the supply of Malunggay leaves in a fabric.
B. Pound the malunggay leaves with the usage of howitzer and stamp to acquire its infusion. c. Observations are as follows:
Trial| With the usage Of dry cloth| With the usage Of wet cloth| 1| Small sum of Moringa Oleifera leaves ( malunggay ) was gathered in a fabric and was founded but no infusion appeared. | Small sum of Moringa Oleifera leaves ( malunggay ) was gathered in a fabric and was pounded but there was no infusion. | 2| Moringa Oleifera leaves ( malunggay ) were gathered in a fabric but this clip big sum of foliages needed. The foliages were so pounded. | Moringa Oleifera leaves ( malunggay ) were gathered in a fabric but this clip big sum of foliages needed. The foliages were so pounded and produced a acrimonious odor infusion. | d. The pounded malunggay must put in a casserole and put aside.
2. Preparation of Rice Stock e. Place 1 kilogram uncooked rice in a container.

f. Add 3 ? cups of H2O. clean the rice and acquire its stock.
3. Preparation of Dye
g. Place the 7 tbsp. of powdery dye in a medium size vital. h. Dilute the dye with tepid H2O.
4. Preparation of Ink mixtures
I. Place both casseroles of solutions on a range.
J. Heat the casseroles in a medium fire until it boils and inspissate up. 5. Adding of infusion
I. Moringa Oleifera a. Using a measurement cup/beaker. acquire 3 milliliter of pure Moringa Oleifera infusion. Transfer into ink tubing set A. B. Transfer into ink tubing set B 3 milliliter of Moringa Oleifera infusion and dye in a ratio of 1:1. c. 3 milliliter of Moringa Oleifera infusion and dye in a ratio of 2:3. Transfer into Set C ink tubing. d. Transfer into Set D ink tubing 3 milliliter of Moringa Oleifera infusion and dye in a ratio of 3:2. II. Rice Stock

e. Transfer 3 milliliter of Rice Stock and dye with a ratio of 1:1 in Set A ink tubing. f. 3 milliliter of Rice Stock and dye in a ratio of 2:3. Transfer into Set B ink tubing. g. 3 ml Rice stock and dye in a raio of 3:2. Transfer into Set C ink tubing. h. Test the pens by composing it in a piece of paper.

6. Observation of Ink
k. Observations are as follows:
I. Moringa Oleifera
Set| Description|
A| Hue is non visible|
B| Light in color|
C| Dark in color|
D| Light in color|
Set A= Pure Moringa Oleifera infusion
Set B= ( with assigned sums )
Set C= ( with assigned sums )
Set D= ( with assigned sums )
II.
II. Rice Stock
Set A= ( with assigned sums )
Set B= ( with assigned sums )
Set C= ( with assigned sums )
Set| Description|
A| Not that dark in color|
B| Dark in color|
C| Light in color|
Consequences and Discussion
A. Moringa Oleifera3 milliliter colored dye
50 %
3 milliliter colored dye
50 %
3 milliliter colored dye
40 %
3 milliliter colored dye
40 %
3 milliliter colored dye
60 %
3 milliliter colored dye
60 %
The pie graph representation above shows the different sum mixture of the ink in the different set-ups by per centum. Put A was technically non given any sum of dye for it serves as the original contrast among the other sets. Set B contains 3 milliliter Moringa Oleifera pull out bond with coloured dye in a ratio of 1:1. Set C contains 3 milliliter Moringa Oleifera pull out bond with coloured dye in a ratio of 2:3. Set D is comprised of 3 milliliters Moringa Oleifera pull out bond with coloured dye in a ratio of 3:2. B. Rice Stock

3 milliliter colored dye
50 %
3 milliliter colored dye
50 %
3 milliliter colored dye
60 %
3 milliliter colored dye
60 %

The pie graph representation above shows the different sum mixture of the ink in the different set-ups by per centum. Put A contains 3 milliliter Rice Stock bond with coloured dye in a ratio of 1:1. Set B contains 3 milliliter Rice Stock bond with coloured dye in a ratio of 2:3. Set C is comprised of 3 milliliter Rice Stock pull out bond with coloured dye in a ratio of 3:2. Based on the gathered information. it can be observed that the chromaticity of the ink is depending on the sum added. For best consequences it is better if the dye has the big sum added to the Moringa Oleifera infusion and Rice Stock in order for the chromaticity to be more seeable in composing. Set C for Moringa Oleifera and Set B for Rice stock were amongst the best consequences from the others. It was observed that it has the highest consistence and has the most ink visibleness. In the first twenty-four hours of observation Moringa Oleifera infusion and Rice stock. when stocked for 1 twenty-four hours ; it is non already good to utilize because of its non pleasant odor.

The research workers hence decided to do a new one and blend another ingredient for its saving which is acetum and salt. On the undermentioned twenty-four hours of observation the infusion and the stock were preserve and already good for proving by adding dye. With the different sets and sums on the two ink mixtures. it has shown comparing between the darkness and elation of the chromaticities. The saloon graph representation above by per centum showed that adding powdered dye to the chief ingredient has the feasibleness in doing the ink more thick and consistent. Using powdery dye. there is a right mixture of the ink where there is an even per centum between the two mixtures 50 % . Therefore. it has 100 % per centum sure that the ink will non disperse when used for composing. It can be observed that adding nutrient colourising to the mixture can complement fluidness that will do the ink dissipate when used for composing. The Moringa Oleifera and Rice stock succeeded in effectual natural ink. It has been proven that it can be effectual and more economically sound compared to the production of commercialised ink.

The experiment proves that the ink can assist in cut downing pollution and planetary heating which causes harmful effects on the wellness of the users. The research workers had proven that their hypothesis is right. The consequences and the observations merely show the grounds. that genuinely these natural ingredients can be used in doing ink. The ink was so supplying length of service because of the other ingredients added. The different sets used to demo the feasibleness of the chromaticity of the inks where it added thoughts in experimenting false merchandises. The mixtures for doing natural ink was proven to be an effectual replacement for commercialised inks where the research workers merely spent little sum for the powdery dye and the other stuffs that are recycled can be accumulated from the things around the community. As compared to the commercialized ink which uses different chemical compounds like rosins and lubricators which becomes more parlous when the inks are disposed. recycling common materials/ local could decrease the disbursals in experimenting new merchandise. The chief ingredients were consumed sagely and have the executable that can be used as ink bases. Decision

The consequences showed that the set C and B from Moringa Oleifera infusion and rice stock produces good consequences. With these findings. the research workers therefore conclude that Moringa Oleifera and Rice stock are two of the abundant natural ingredients that can be used in doing inks. The inks were non that good in quality but it is really low-cost for the pupils and other people demand. From the other consequences gathered. the thickness and the consistence of the ink besides add in the successful conducting of the experiment because it helps the ink to be non dissipated. Therefore. the research workers besides conclude that the chief ingredients are effectual bases for ink and adequate to vie against commercialised inks. Recommendations

The research workers would wish to urge the hereafter research workers who are interested in developing surveies about inks to seek another alternate ingredient for the researchers’ chief ingredient that has sticky content. for the ballpoint when used for composing will non be dissipated. Another suggestion is to better the colour of the ingredients for better consequences. The researchers’ besides advocates re-associating the difference between the two inks by utilizing other trials in order to warrant the consequence of this survey. Furthermore. holding a good quality ink must be focused on before undergoing a series of trial.

Bibliography

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