Nursing theory gathers specific information sing facets of nursing and utilizes these findings to pass on and depict nursing phenomena. Theories provide a model for nursing pattern and procedures. Grand nursing theories are broadest in range and supply generalisations sing nursing state of affairss. Grand nursing theories consist of four schools of idea. Nursing theoreticians bring a alone definition. attack. and concentrate to these specific schools of idea. The first school of idea includes theories that reflect an image of nursing as run intoing the demands of patients ( Meleis. 2012 ) . When a patient is unable to run into their single demands it is the duty of the nurse to supply what is necessary in helping the patient towards independency. Virginia Henderson was a needs theoretician who categorized human needs into 14 constituents: external respiration usually. feeding and imbibing adequately. extinguish organic structure wastes. move and maintain desirable positions. slumber and remainder. choose suited apparels. maintain homeostasis. personal hygiene. protect the integument. avoid environmental dangers and hurt to others. communicate with others. worship harmonizing to religion. take part in diversion. learn and discover. and work in such a manner there is a sense of achievement ( World Wide Web. currentnursing. com ) .
Henderson defined nursing as helping with these activities to assist the single achieve independency. A person’s ability to successfully execute activities of day-to-day life is imperative to mending. Nurses can help patients accomplish this by placing cognition shortages and supplying the individual with cognition to assist reconstruct integrity. The following school of idea is interaction. These theories were conceived by those who viewed nursing “…as an interaction procedure with a focal point on the development of a relationship between patients and nurses” ( Meleis. 2012 ) . Interaction theoreticians focus on unwellness as an experience and nurses must implement curative procedures to care for the patient. Imogene King was an interaction theoretician that defined nursing as “…a procedure of action. reaction. and interaction whereby nurse and client portion information about their perceptual experiences of the nursing state of affairs and hold on goals” ( Meleis. 2012 ) .
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King’s theory stated that the end of nursing is to assist persons maintain their wellness and portion meaningful interactions to accomplish their ends ( Meleis. 2012 ) . The interaction school of idea is imperative because it empowers the patient to be an active and equal participant in their ain wellness attention. The 3rd school of idea is outcomes. These theoreticians strived to reconstruct stableness and convey balance to the patient and their environment ( Meleis. 2012 ) . Myra Levine was an outcomes theoretician the believed that nursing is a preservation of unities and energy ( Meleis. 2012 ) . Levine besides defined nursing as patient protagonism and individualising patient demands with compassion and committedness ( Meleis. 2012 ) . These theoreticians believe that effectual get bying mechanisms can assist the patient unrecorded harmoniously.
The 4th and concluding school of idea is caring/becoming. These theories evolved from interaction theories but they are more expansive. “The procedure of attention is defined as a procedure of going for both clients and nurses ; nevertheless. transmutation is merely possible if each is unfastened to it” ( Meleis. 2012 ) . Jean Watson believed the end of nursing to be mental and religious growing for human existences. ( nurses and clients ) . and happening significance in experiences ( Meleis. 2012 ) . The caring theory focuses more on the nurse/patient relationship compared to the interaction theory. The expansive theory school of idea that is most congruous with my nursing pattern is the outcomes theory.
I believe that every patient responds to wellness issues otherwise. I assess what they need. what their shortages are. and how I can enable their header mechanisms. I work at a busy injury centre and we have exigency surgeries often. Many of these are suction distension and curettements. Each adult female handles this otherwise. So I sense and assess what they need to hold the best result possible. Some want to go forth right off. some want to remain a piece. some want to see their household and some don’t. It might non be the norm to maintain one of these patients for three hours. but I will maintain them until they are ready to go forth. I believe in patient protagonism on an individualised footing. Please refer to Postpone 1. Grand Theorist Information for theoretician comparing.
