Justinian I wanted to ‘reconquer’ the lands lost by the Western Roman Empire during the Germanic invasions. He succeeded in taking Italy, North Africa and part of Spain. Although the wars were costly, the control of the western Mediterranean brought great revenues and prosperity. This enabled Justinian to embark on an ambitious programme of public building and church construction. he rebuilt the famous Hagia Sophia church in Constantinople. This prosperity was ended towards the end of his rule by one of the worse plagues in history.

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