The result of the threePunic Wars against Carthage was that Rome gained control over thewestern basin of the Mediterranean. With the first war, Rome gainedcontrol over Sicily and seized Sardinia and Corsica, which hadbelonged to Carthage. In the second war, Rome took over theCarthaginian territories in Southern Spain and forged an alliancewith the Numidians, Carthage’s next door neighbours in Algeria, whodefected to Rome. In the third war Rome destroyed Carthage and tookover her remaining territories: her Tunisian homeland and westernLibya. These gains, combined with alliances with the peoples ofsouthern France and north-eastern Spain gave Rome total control ofthis area of the Mediterranean.The easternMediterranean was still under the control of the Hellenistic stateswhich the Greeks had established in Persia, the Middle East andEgypt.

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