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The Peloponnesian cities appealed to their leading city Sparta which asked Athens to stop. Athens, confident of its walls and dominant navy, refused and Sparta reluctantly declared war.
Two interesting tales:
1. When a Spartan delegation made a final appeal to Athens to lift its ban on Megara, the Athenians pointed to the decree of their assembly which required the ban. The Spartans said ‘turn it to face the wall’ in an effort to resolve the impasse.
2. A contemporary poem laid the cause of the war on Pericles bringing on the war to gratify his girlfriend ‘that mad bitch Aspasia’ who was angry that some Megarians had kidnapped two of the prostitutes she ran.