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An historical view:
Both were Semetic peoples.
The Phoenicians were organised as a series of independentcity-states in Lebanon, western Syria and their colony Carthage inNorth Africa.
The Hebrews were a dozen hill tribes from the Judean hills whoexpanded into Palestine and formed two kingdoms – ten tribes werethe Kingdom of Israel and two the Kingdom of Judea.
The Phoenicians were sea traders. The Hebrews were farmers.
The Phoenicians had multiple gods as did the other civilisations atthe time.
The Hebrews also had multiple gods but moved on from Solomon’s’many gods in his house’ to the 7th Century Judean move towardsmonotheism by centralising religion in the temple at Jerusalem toovercome the other gods.
Both were absorbed into the empires which arose from – Israel intothe Assyrian Empire in the 8th Century BCE, Judea into theBabylonian Empire 6th Century BCE, both into the Persian Empire 6thCentury BCE.
The Phoenicians had retained their trading and sea power and were amajor part of the Persian navy.
The Hebrews remained agricultural and were such a source of troublethat the aristocracies of both Israel and Judea were deported toAssyria and Babylon respectively, and replaced by foreign ones tokeep them quiet. When the Persians allowed the Judean aristocracyto return to Judea they brought back with tem the Babylonian ideaof an afterlife which continued to divide the Jewish people forcenturies thereafter.
