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In the old stone age, tools were mainly core tools – meaning that flakes of stone (usually flint or chert) were removed from a core until it was a biface tool with a sharp edge all around that could be used for tasks such as skinning and butchering game, and scraping hides.
In the middle stone age there was a major shift. Instead of knocking flakes away from a stone core and using the core as the tool, humans started knocking flakes off a core and using the flakes. The most important kind of flake was called a microlith and many of these small sharp points would be fitted into a wooden shaft to make an arrow or spear.
In the new stone age, people started making stone arrow heads and they went back to making axes as core tools, but this time they often polished the axes, perhaps using them for ceremonial purposes.
