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He acquired an empire by invading the Persian one, picking off its components progressively – Asia Minor, Syria, Palestine and Egypt. He then captured Mesopotamia and Persia proper, finally reaching what is now Afghanistan and Pakistan.
He imagined he was taking over all the eastern part of the world, thinkng India was its limit. His soldiers revolted when he tried to invade India and he turned back – just as well as a bloke called Chandragupta was in the process of conquering northern India with forces which Alexander could not have stood up to.
On his return to Babylon, he began planning to take on the western Mediterranean, but his early death brought this to nothing. With no clear heir, his empire was partitioned between his generals, and these were gradually absorbed by the expansion of Rome in the second and first centuries BCE.
