First of all, as far as I know, according to the prevailing beliefs, God is in the sky. For this reason, when you need God’s help, you look up to the sky.

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Second, if we look to their land (the land of Mesopotamia) we see only a plateau or flat land. The theory goes that to reach God, it is better to come closer to Him/Her. Because of this theory, highlands and mountains are holy for humans. If we examine history, we can find a lot of examples where such places, like mountains, are venerated.

So. in the land at that time, there were no highlands or mountains, so they tried to make a mountain-like structure to better reach to God or to place their God/Goddess on the top. The Mesopotamians made ziggurats as home of gods and the Egyptians made the Pyramids as last home of the Pharaoh (who was functionally a god).

I haven’t seen anyone mention the ziggurat which still stands in the very historic and cultured territory of Persia (modern Iran). There is a ziggurat named Chogha Zanbil. It is in Khuzestan Province near the southern Iraqi border and is on the outskirts of Mesopotamia.

See the Wikipedia link for more information or pictures of Chogha Zanbil.

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