(8300-7000)Earliest evidence of burials found in Franchthi Cave in the Argolid, Greece7250 BCEEvidence of food producing economy, simple hut construction, and seafaring in mainland Greece and the Aegean7000 BCENeolithic Period
(7000-3000 BCE)First “Megaron House” at Sesclo, in central Greece5700 BCEEvidence of earliest fortifications at Dimini, Greece3400 BCE
Houses of Vasiliki and Myrtos
Messara Tholoi
House of Tiles at Lerna
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3000 BCE
Aegean Bronze Age
or Early Bronze Age
(3000-2000)
Minoan Prepalatial
or: EMIA, EMIB (3000-2600 BCE)
Early Cycladic Culture
(3200-2000)
Early Helladic Period
(3000-2000)2600 BCE
Minoan Prepalatial Period
or: EMIIA, EMIIB, MMIII
(2600-2000 BCE)Destruction of Minoan settlements2000 BCE
Minoan Protopalatial Period
or: MMIA, MMIB, MMI IA, MMI IB, MMI IIA, MMI IIB, LMIA Early
(1900-1700 BCE)
Early Middle Cycladic (2000-1600 BCE)
Middle Helladic Period
or Middle Bronze Age
(2000-1550)Destruction of Minoan palaces
Settlement of Akrotiri, Thera
Grave Circle B at Mycenae1700 BCE
Minoan Neopalatial Period
or: LMIA Advanced, LMIA Final, LMIB Early, LMIB Late, LMII
(1700-1400)Eruption of Thera volcano (sometime between 1627 and 1600)1627 BCEGrave Circle A at Mycenae
Legends: Argo Voyage, Heracles, Oedipus1600 BCELate Bronze Period
or The Heroic Age
(1600-1100)Tholos Tomb at Mycenae1550 BCELate Helladic Period
(1500-1100)Linear B writing (1450-1180)1450 BCEMycenaean Palaces
Evidence of expanded Mycenaean trade at Levand1400 BCE
Minoan Postpalatial Period
or: LMIIIA1, LMIIIA2, LMIIIB, LMIIIC
(1400-1100)Palace of Knossos destruction1370 BCE”Sea Peoples” begin raids in the Eastern Mediterranean1300 BCEMycenaean Culture
(1300-1000)Trojan War (1250 or 1210)
1250 BCEDestruction of many Mycenaean palaces
Doric Invasions? (1200-1100)
Sea Peoples (1200-1100)1200 BCE1180 BCESub-Mycenaean Period
(1180-1050)Destruction of Miletus and resettlement1100 BCE
Sub-Minoan Period
(1150-950)
Dark Age of Greece
(1100-700)
Proto-Geometric Period
(1100-900)End of Mycenaean civilization
Lefkandi: Toumba building1000 BCE900 BCE
Geometric Period
(900-700)
First Olympic Games776 BCEGreek colonies established in Southern Italy & Sicily
Invention of Greek alphabet
Homeric poems recorded in writing (750-700)750 BCELate Geometric
(circa 760-700)740 BCEOrientalizing Period
(circa 740-650)First Messenian War
Sparta invades Messenia
(730-710)
Naxos founded (734)
Syracuse founded (733)730 BCE700 BCEArchaic Period
(700-480)Earliest Lyric Poets650 BCESecond Messenian War
Sparta invades Messenia (640-630)
Cyrene founded (630)640 BCESappho born in Lesbos630 BCEThales (625-545) born in Miletos625 BCEPythagoras (ca. 569-475) born in Samos569 BCESolon replaces the Draconian law in Athens and lays the foundation for Democracy.
He introduced to Athens the first coinage and a system of weights and measures594 BCEPisistratos becomes tyrant of Athens546 BCEPesistratos Dies. His sons become tyrants of Athens527 BCERed-figure pottery developed in Athens525 BCEAlcmaeonid family and Spartans free Athens from tyranny.
Introduction of Democracy in Athens510 BCEKleisthenes begins reforming Athenian code of laws, and establishes a democratic constitution508 BCEIonian revolt499 BCEIonian revolt defeated by Persians494 BCEPersian Wars497-479 BCEBattle of Marathon
Athenians defeat Darius and his Persian army490 BCESilver mines discovered near Athens.
Athens begin building naval fleet483 BCEAristides ostracized482 BCEXerxes marches on Greece
Battle of Thermopylae
Persians burn the Acropolis
Athens and allies defeat Persian fleet at naval battle of Salamis480 BCE
Classical Period
(480-323 )
Transitional (480-450)Battle of Plataea
Greeks defeat Persian army479 BCEDelian league lead by Athens477 BCEEarthquake in Lakonia
Helot revolt against Sparta in Messenia465 BCEPeloponnesian Wars:
“First Peloponnesian War”461-445Perikles leads Athens through its “Golden Era” (ca. 460-429)460 BCEAeschylus produces “the Oresteia” trilogy of tragedies (Agamemnon, Libation Barers, Eumenides) in Athens
458 BCEDelian league treasury moved from Delos to Athens454 BCESophist Protagoras visits Athens450 BCEAcropolis and other major building projects begin in Athens
Construction of Parthenon (449-432)
Sophocles produces the tragedy “Ajax”449 BCEThirty-year peace treaty signed between Athens and Sparta in winter 446/445446 BCESophocles produces “Antigone” in Athens 430-429441 BCEPeloponnesian War (431-404) resumes
Euripedes produces “Medea” in Athens
431 BCEPlague epidemic in Athens430 BCEDeath of Perikles429 BCEPeace of Nicias421 BCEConstruction of Temple of Athena Nike (420-410)420 BCEAthenians resume hostilities
Spartans defeat Athens at Mantinea418 BCEAthens razes Melos416 BCEAthens expedition to Syracuse
Alcibiades defects to Sparta415 BCESyracuse defeats Athens413 BCEAristophanes produces “Lysistrata”411 BCEAthens surrenders to Sparta
Thirty tyrants rule Athens404 BCEDemocracy restored in Athens403 BCETrial and execution of Socrates399 BCEPlato establishes the Athens Academy380 BCESparta defeated in Leuctra371 BCEThebes defeats Sparta at Mantinea362 BCEPhilip II, becomes King of Macedonia359 BCEMacedonian army defeats Athens and its allies at Chaeronea
League of Corinth founded338 BCEPhillip II Assassinated.
Alexander the Great becomes king of Macedonia336 BCEAristotle founds the Lyceum in Athens335 BCEAlexander the Great defeats Persian army at Granicus river in Anatolia334 BCEAlexander the Great defeats Persians at Issus333 BCETyre capitulates to Alexander after siege332 BCEAlexander invades Egypt
City of Alexandria founded in Egypt
Alexander defeats Persians at Gaugamela331 BCEAlexander’s army reaches Bactria (Afghanistan)329 BCEAlexander marries Roxane (princes of Bactria)327 BCEAlexander’s army reaches India326 BCEDeath of Alexander the Great323 BCEHellenistic Period
(323-146)Aristotle dies322 BCEStoic philosopher Zeno founds school in Athens310 BCEStoic philosopher Epicurus founds school in Athens307 BCEPtolemy I founds museum in Alexandria300 BCEArchimedes (287-212) born in Syracuse287 BCEAchaean League founded284 BCEInvasion of Greece by Gauls279 BCEGauls defeated by king Attalus I238 BCEFirst Macedonian War (214-204)
Rome defeats Philip V of Macedon214 BCESecond Macedonian War (200-196)
Victory of Flamininus at Cynoscephalae200 BCEThird Macedonian War (172-168/7)
Lucius Aemelius Paulus of Rome defeats Perseus of Macedon at Pydna.
Macedonia divided into four republics172 BCERoman Invasion of Greece
Mummius Achaicus sacks Corinth and dissolves the Achaean league.
Rome rules Greece henceforth146 BCE
Late Hellenistic or Greco-Roman (146-30)Romans lead by Sulla sack Athens86 BCEBattle of Aktion
Octavian (later Augustus) defeats Mark Antony and Cleopatra31 BCEDeath of Cleopatra
30 BCE
End of “Ancient Greece” period
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