Rather than wait for Rome to attack Carthage, he took the war to Rome and invaded Italy, where he set about gaining allies from the territories disgruntled with Rome’s rule of them. He did not have a seige train so could not capture the city, so he kept to the countryside, fighting battles when the factors were in his favour, and keeping Rome on the defensive for fifteen years and leaving Carthage itsel alone.
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The Romans eventually copied this and invaded north Africa, rallied Africal states to them and threatened Carthage. Hannibal was recalled to defend the city and was overwhelmed at Zama 202 BCE.
