Italy is located between the western and eastern basins of the Mediterranean This made it almost natural of the roman Empire to start its expansion around the two basins of the Mediterranean. Rome came to control the western basin after winning the three Punic Wars against the Carthage, a great power in the area. She gained control of the eastern basin after annexing Greece, expanding into Turkey as a result as wars waged against them, and creating client states in Syria and Judea due to concerns about civil wars there.
The Roman Empire benefited from being centred on the Mediterranean because this sea acted as a means of communication between the lands on its shores and facilitated the growth of a thriving trading network around the empire. Shipping was intense and goods were shipped all around this sea.

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