Answer 1
The Persian Empire expanded, as was typical for the period, byconquering the territories of neighboring states and annexing themto the Persian Empire. Once these territories were conquered, thePersians appointed many former governors from the defeated regimeinto positions of authority in the new province or satrapi. As acondition of surrender, the army of the defeated state wasincorporated into the overall Persian army, resulting in a Persianarmy that became larger and larger every time a country wasdefeated.

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While Persia was certainly a dictatorship, non-Persians in theempire were allowed a degree of religious and cultural tolerancethat many modern countries have not even acceded.

Answer 2
First they took over their previous overlord Media, then with theMedes as allies they took over the Babylonian Empire, From therethey spread into Asia Minor and Thrace, and to Libya and Egypt inAfrica. In the east they took central Asia and today’s Pakistan.They then consolidated the empire by dividing it into 20 provinces(satrapies) with a governor in control responsible to the king andhis council.

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