There was no Sparta-Persian war.
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Sparts was but one of the Greek city-states which opposed the Persian attempt to include them into the Persian empire. There were greek cities within the Persian empire and the Greek ciies in mainland Greece interfered by supporting them, so Persia decided to take them all over to establish an ethnic frontier.
They progressively took over cities in northern Greece, bribed the leaders of others, then launched an invasion to capture the remainder. The Persians were eventually repulsed in 479 BCE, but sporadic warfare persisted until a peace agreement in 449 BCE.
