Assyrians had a head start developing agriculture, domesticating animals, and building cities. Their cities were heavily fortified, leaving few weaknesses for others to exploit. They also had horses, which were a large military strength, particularly when harnessed to chariots.
They had powerful military leaders, like Sargon of Akkad, who created the first Assyrian kingdom in about 2371 BC. Sargon defeated Lugalzaggisi, who was Sumer’s ruler, thereby conquering all of Sumer.

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