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The Greek world comprised hundreds of independent city-states, someof which from time to time formed defensive leagues. Alexander tookover the Persian Empire, which effectively became aMacedonian Empire for a short time until hisdeath. After that his Macedonian successors carved out of thisempire their own Hellenistic kingdoms in opposition to each other.
Meanwhile Rome progressively dominated Italy, defeated Carthage tobecome dominant in the western Mediterranean, then turned east andprogressively defeated and absorbed the Hellenistic kingdoms intothe Roman empire.
The Macedonian empire lasted a couple of decades. The Romanempire lasted over a thousand years.
The ongoing influence of the two cultures has been significant.Latin became a component of first the languages of Spain, Portugal,France and Itally, which we call Romance languages to acknowledges,and through French and Latin, into the world-wide English language.Greek language has had a far lesser impact but is now growing inimportance in coining new technical words. Western law is based onRoman law. Other cultural influences have come from Rome, much ofwhich however has been influenced by Greek, but not Macedonia.
