Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of the City-state of Rome , founded in the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th Century BC . During its twelve-century existence, the Roman civilization shifted from a Monarchy to an Oligarchic Republic to a vast Empire . It came to dominate Western Europe and the entire area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea through Conquest and Assimilation . However, a number of factors led to the eventual Decline Of The Roman Empire . The western half of the empire, including Hispania , Gaul , and Italy, eventually broke into independent kingdoms in the 5th Century ; the eastern empire, governed from Constantinople , is referred to as the Byzantine Empire after AD 476, the traditional date for the “fall of Rome” and subsequent onset of the Middle Ages .

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The Roman civilization is often grouped into ” Classical Antiquity ” with Ancient Greece , a civilization that inspired much of the Culture Of Ancient Rome . Ancient Rome contributed greatly to the development of Law , War , Art , Literature , Architecture , and Language in the Western World , and its History continues to have a major influence on the world today. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of the City-state of Rome , founded in the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th Century BC . During its twelve-century existence, the Roman civilization shifted from a Monarchy to an Oligarchic Republic to a vast Empire . It came to dominate Western Europe and the entire area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea through Conquest and Assimilation . However, a number of factors led to the eventual Decline Of The Roman Empire . The western half of the empire, including Hispania , Gaul , and Italy, eventually broke into independent kingdoms in the 5th Century ; the eastern empire, governed from Constantinople , is referred to as the Byzantine Empire after AD 476, the traditional date for the “fall of Rome” and subsequent onset of the Middle Ages .

The Roman civilization is often grouped into ” Classical Antiquity ” with Ancient Greece , a civilization that inspired much of the Culture Of Ancient Rome . Ancient Rome contributed greatly to the development of Law , War , Art , Literature , Architecture , and Language in the Western World , and its History continues to have a major influence on the world today.

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