During the last glaciation the sea levels were much lower than at present so a lot of animals could have walked into Ireland as the ice retreated, probably from Scotland as it is a shorter journey than from England or Wales. This explains why there are no snakes in Ireland as it was too cold for them at this time.
Plants would have arrived as spores or wind-blown seed, in undigested food of deer or even humans, or dropped from the fur or feathers of animals.

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