During the Han Empire of China and the Roman Empire of the Mediterranean World were both had advanced engineering for their clip. Han China’s attitude toward fabrication and labour was more positive than the Romans who had a more category divided society. hence doing attitudes toward labour and engineering to be looked down upon. The Hans respect engineering and the people who use it. In China. second century B. C. E. a authorities functionary stated that he wanted to form their labour force with the usage of engineering so they could assist to forestall a catastrophe from happening when and if a inundation takes topographic point.
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This could assist the people from acquiring hurt and their belongings from acquiring destroyed ( Doc. 1 ) . Huan Guan. a Han authorities functionary during the first century B. C. E. was concerned about the deficiency of engineering and hapless authorities policy that is impacting the people. Haun Guan was seeking to state to the Han authorities that utilizing convict labour to do tools and monopoly on salt and Fe is doing lay waste toing affects towards the people and feels that the authorities can work out this job by utilizing the available engineerings.
Even though Haun Guan is a authorities functionary himself. he shows involvement in assisting the people and is really critical towards the current authorities policies that are in topographic point ( Doc. 2 ) . Huan Tan. a upper category Han philosopher during 20 C. E. is showing his grasp of the advancement that engineering has had since the emperor’s first innovation. Huan Tan besides expresses how engineering has benefited the Chinese people and feels that engineering is a “gift” from the enlightened emperors ( Doc. 3 ) .
A Han authorities sponsored talker. around 200 C. E. states how a Han governor. Tu Shih. cared profoundly for the Chinese people and used the advanced engineering to assist profit them. This authorities sponsored talker emphasizes how much the innovations helped minimise the sum of human labour that the people did ( Doc. 4 ) . This is interesting because he was hired by the authorities to speak to people who might be losing religion in the Han Dynasty and he fundamentally glorified the information manner more than it really was.
On the other manus. the Romans felt that working with your custodies was vulgar and seemed to to a great extent look down upon engineering and whoever used it. Cicero. an upper category Roman political leader from Italy during the first century B. C. E. provinces that anyone who works with their custodies are coarse and looks greatly down upon craftsmen and hired workers. Cicero so goes on saying that “gentlemen do non work with their custodies. ” ( Doc. 5 ) It seems that Cicero lacks a immense regard for innovations and discoverers and feels like engineering is so necessary. but non for the “enlightened minds” .
Plutarch. a Grecian born Roman citizen during the first century Roman Empire. expresses Gaius Gracchus’ route edifice endeavors and continues to explicate how the Roman upper category does appreciate engineering that benefits the upper category ( Doc. 6 ) . Plutarch does demo grasp towards engineering. but merely because it benefits himself. every bit good as the remainder of the upper category. He does non travel on to advert how it helped the common mans in any manner. because it most likely didn’t help anyone but the upper category.
Seneca. an upper category philosopher and adviser to Emperor Nero. from the first century Roman Empire. provinces that it takes person agile and crisp to do innovations but craftsmen don’t have great heads. Seneca goes on to state that he does “not believe that tools and trades were invented by wise men” ( Doc. 7 ) . Seneca deficiencies respect for craftsmen and is fundamentally stating that they are non every bit smart as he is. and degrades their accomplishments and abilities that they have.
He isn’t concerned about any of the tools or innovations that are made by these craftsmen because he feels since he is an upperclassmen. he would ne’er utilize them for the fact that they would be degrading to his specific category in society. Frontinus. a Roman general. governor of Britain. and H2O commissioner from the first century C. E. of the Roman Empire discusses how he praises the Roman aqueducts and their utilizations in Rome. He talks about how intelligent the designs are and how much it benefits the populace ( Doc. 8 ) . It was rather interesting how extremely was speaking about the aqueducts.
He talked about how astonishing they were to the other Roman functionaries so they could see he was making a good occupation as H2O commissioner. which is why he talked so extremely of the aqueducts. because that’s his occupation. A point of position that is losing from these paperss that could farther assist to the treatment of the Han and Rome attitudes towards engineering would be the common mans. All eight of these paperss were of the point of position from authorities functionaries or other upperclassmen. It would’ve helped to see an statement made by the common mans from both imperiums because that’s who the engineering is affecting-the common mans.
Although the engineering is besides impacting the upperclassmen. it would hold made a better statement to hold person who is more “exposed” to the engineering in their mundane lives. The people of the Han Empire did hold a more optimistic attack towards engineering. while the Roman Empire looked at engineering as a more negative thing. The Hans took more into consideration of how it would profit the common mans. unlike the Romans who didn’t reference the common mans in any of their statements. Although both Empires did utilize engineering. some thought more extremely of it than others.
