Education and Business Studies Essay

1. 0 Background to the survey:

The impact of Information Communication Technology ( ICT ) on larning concern surveies is presently in relation to utilize of digital media. chiefly computing machines and cyberspace to ease instruction and acquisition. These are the engineerings used in conveying. use. and storage of informations by electronic agencies. They provide an array of powerful tools that may assist in transforming the present stray teacher-centered and text-bound schoolrooms into rich. student-focused and synergistic cognition environments. To run into these challenges. larning establishments must encompass the new engineerings and appropriate Information Communication Technology tools for larning. The direct nexus between Information Communication Technology usage and students’ survey wont and academic public presentation has been the focal point of extended literature during the last two decennaries. Some of them help pupils with their acquisition by bettering the communicating between them and the teachers ( Valasidou and Bousiou. 2005 ) . Harmonizing to Leuven. ( 2004 ) stated that there is no grounds for a relationship between increased educational usage of Information Communication Technology ( ICT ) and students’ public presentation.

In fact. they find a systematically negative and marginally important relationship between Information Communication Technology ( ICT ) usage and some pupil achievement steps. In support to these. some pupils may utilize ICT to increase their leisure clip and hold less clip to analyze. Online gambling and increased communicating channels do non needfully intend increased accomplishment. On the other manus. Al-Hawaj. Elali. and Twizell ( 2008 ) . stated that ICT has the possible to transform the nature of instruction: where and how learning takes topographic point and the functions of pupils and instructors in the acquisition procedure. Karim and Hassan ( 2006 ) noted the exponential growing in digital information. which changes the manner pupils perceive survey and reading and in how printed stuffs are used to ease survey. The ability to utilize ICT efficaciously and suitably is now seen as indispensable to let scholars to get. exploit information within every domain of human activity.

It can be assumed that specific signifiers of ICT will alter with clip. However. the demand to be able to measure and utilize ICT purposefully will stay the key to full engagement in an information society. The school course of study already reflects the sensed value and importance of developing ICT literacy. and so. information literacy in all pupils. No admiration. the Lagos province authorities under Tinubu. decided to instill the ICT grasp plans into the assorted secondary schools instructors. It is no longer strange for instructors to garner relevant information for the effectual instruction and acquisition of concern surveies. However. research surveies of information and communicating engineering ( ICT ) in concern have shown that ICT facilitates the acquisition of of import cognitive accomplishments required for effectual concern analysis and rating. It provides the procedure of geting cognition by the usage of concluding. or perceptual experience to understand the connexion between them. which allows instructors. and pupil to pass on both their ideas and involvements in the capable affair and offers a better lucifer to students’ learning manner.

Furthermore. pupils can detect the real-life deductions of concern theories through this medium. The proposition of concern theory like all scientific theories is obviously tax write-offs from a series of posits. In add-on. the head of these posits are all premises affecting in some manner simple and incontestable portion of experience. associating to the manner in which the scarceness of goods. which is the capable affair of our scientific discipline. really shows itself in the universe of world. It should be noted that computing machine as a tool for ICT has a broad application in instruction. which can be efficaciously used in the instructional system by the instructor to reexamine skill already taught. besides helps scholars to travel over the set of instructional processs repeatedly. likewise helps to implement traditional direction by reenforcing or spread outing accomplishments and cognition. In add-on. teachers’ progressively usage of ICT helps to fix their work more efficaciously and achieve clip additions.

1. 2 Statement of the job

Majority of pupils in secondary schools and third establishments are now acquiring closer to computing machines and ICT twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours. but even with that. some had small or no cognition of computing machine and cyberspace. which may do it impossible to utilize Information Communication Technology ( ICT ) for the instruction of concern surveies in secondary schools. These jobs have become major concern to those concerned in the instruction and acquisition of concern instruction. It is hence pertinent to happen a fast manner of utilizing computing machines and ICT by and large to learn concern instruction in secondary schools with a position of happening permanent solutions to the jobs.

1. 3Purpose of the survey

The general purpose is to determine the effectivity of ICT in instruction of concern surveies in secondary schools. Other aims are to: 1 ) Determine the degree of handiness of Computer installations to secondary schools in Lagos State 2 ) Supply pupils with equal cognition and apprehension of the tools of concern analysis and of the state of affairss and jobs to which these tools are applied. 3 ) Analyze the positive influences of utilizing Computers in relation to academic public presentation of secondary school pupils in Agege local authorities. 4 ) Analyze the positive influences of utilizing Computers in relation to academic public presentation of concern instruction pupils in Agege local authorities. 5 ) Ascertain relationship between the use of Computer Education and academic public presentation of secondary school pupils in Agege local authorities.

1. 4Research inquiries

1 ) What is the degree of handiness of Computer installations to secondary schools in Lagos State? 2 ) Can all concern instruction subjects be taught with the usage of ICT? 3 ) To what extent can ICT be used in the instruction of concern instruction in secondary schools? 4 ) Is there any influence of ICT on the instruction of concern instruction in secondary schools? 5 ) What is the relationship between ICT and the instruction of concern surveies as a topic?

1. 5 Research hypotheses

Ho1: There is no important difference in the usage of ICT in the of concern surveies. Ho2: There is no important relationship between teachers’ attitudes to ICT and pupils in concern surveies. Ho3: There is no important relationship in teachers’ acceptance of ICT in the instruction of concern surveies and motive to acquisition.

1. 6 Significance of the survey

The research exposes both the instructors and the pupils of concern surveies to the usage of ICT as a tool in learning concern surveies. This will increase motive. which goes together with a positive learning attitude and leads to more illustrations and attending during lesson with pupils being more involved in the acquisition activities. This besides enables the pupils to understand the term ICT and its utilizations in the instruction of concern surveies in secondary schools.

1. 7 Scope of the survey

This survey is focused chiefly on the usage. reaction ( attitude ) and public presentation of pupils and instructors in Lagos province towards the usage of Information Communication Technology ( ICT ) in the instruction of concern surveies.

1. 8 Definition of footings

•Business Studies- The survey of the activities involved in running a concern. particularly the fiscal and managerial facet every bit good as the instruction of concern in junior and senior secondary schools. •Information and Communication Technology ( ICT ) – It is the processing and distribution of informations utilizing computing machine hardware and package. telecommunications. and digital electronics. •Internet- Computer based planetary information system. a computing machine that allows 1000000s of computing machine users around the universe to interchange information. •Data- Information. frequently in the signifier of facts or figures obtained from experiments or studies. used as footing for doing computations or pulling decisions.

•Computer- Is any electronic device ( ciphering machine ) that solves jobs by using prescribed instructions on informations presented to it. It besides said to be a machine that is capable accepting information. treating the recognized information. and give the coveted end product. •Information- The meaningful stuff derived from computing machine informations by forming them and construing them in a specific manner. •Communication skill- Academic public presentation ; refers to how pupils deal with their surveies and how they cope with or carry through different undertaking giving to them by their instructors.

Chapter 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

2. 0Introduction

It is ideal and pertinent that “any piece of research work should get down with a study of bing literature in order to happen out what is already known about a peculiar topic” ( Adedoyin 1999 ) . It is in the position of the above statement. hence. a anterior cognition ( no affair ) how little about a peculiar subject or construct will heighten more meaningful part.

2. 1Application of computing machine

There are many are many countries of life where computing machines are being used today to execute efforts that would hold humanly impossible. We can validly state that there is no country of life that does non hold its ain portion of computing machine public-service corporation. For the intent of this research. merely three facets of these applications will be mentioned. These are gathered in the work of ( Solanke. 1997 ) as follows: a. Scientific research: In most scientific research. it is frequently required to find the values of complex equations. to besides find the behaviour of objects under certain conditions and analyse a big figure of samples collected from experiments. These maps are in most instances hard to transport out. The computing machine has been used in this country as perfect tool for scientific research analysis.

B. Education: Many instruction stuffs are being prepared utilizing computing machine multimedia systems which combine voice. sound. artworks and other effects in preventatives. to learn really hard topics. Computers are really utile in doing instructions and accomplishments available for scholars to utilize at their convenience and as many clip as possible. c. Communication: The ability to associate people together for exchange of information is the end of communicating. The best of communicating is today being done on computing machine webs. This facet of computing machine application is the most paramount to this survey. as most of the communicating will be sent and received through computing machine. Apart from being a nexus between people in distant location. it besides serves as a nexus for equipments and provides ready entree to distant information bases.

2. 2Computers in instruction

Computer installations creativeness and productiveness as it provides for single acquisition and development. Sandy ( 1983 ) said “computers are encephalon extenders” and that “they help to beef up our heads and besides enable us to make many modus operandis task easy and rapidly. ” Hawk ( 1990 ) assumed some grounds for the inclusion of computing machines in instruction among them was that computing machine provides for both catalytic and pedagogic principle in instruction. By catalytic principle. these facets deal the betterment in instruction. while by pedagogic principle ; it deals with a better manner of larning method.

Having discussed about the importance of computing machines to the ICT universe. it should be noted that learning of concern surveies must be directed towards deductive and inductive logical thinking. pupils will so be able to take stuffs covering with concern behaviour and phenomena. and ground through their ain analysis instead than passively depicting concern phenomena. The pedagogical accent should be on encouraging pupils to be inside the subject. operating. in nevertheless limited a sense. as economic experts. In this manner. concern educationalists are being faithful to the subject and leaving concern preparation to their pupils.

2. 3Aims of concern instruction: to believe in a concern manner.

Introductory concern classs are run in educational establishments all over the universe. Although their construction may change. the purposes of the classs are constitutional. The general purpose is to supply pupils with an equal cognition and apprehension of the tools of concern analysis and of the state of affairss and jobs to which these tools are applied.

To ease pupils to believe in a concern manner. the introductory concern classs must advance scholar liberty. and supply entree to the universe of concern constructs and thoughts. Autonomy is a capacity – for withdrawal. critical contemplations. determination devising. and independent action. It presumes but besides entails that the scholar will develop a peculiar sort of psychological relation to the procedure and content of his/her acquisition. The capacity of liberty will be displayed both in the manner the scholar learns and in the manner he or she transfers what has been learnt to a wider context.

It is a common topographic point to observe that larning depends on entree to adequate installations. informed instructors. lighting stuffs. and so on. However. pupils besides need to derive entree to the academic concern environment. Laurillard ( 1993 ) . claims that every academic topic faces this same sort of challenge. to assist pupils travel beyond their experience. to utilize it and reflect on it. and thereby alter their position of it. and eventually alter the manner they experience the universe. 2. 4Evaluation of students’ public presentation as a consequence of ICT Use of computing machine alongside cyberspace for learning and larning intents has received increasing attending over the recent old ages ( Multra. 2000 ) .

A networked acquisition establishment where pupils have easy entree to computing machines could further positive attitudes toward the usage of computing machines in instruction and acquisition for a computing machine enriched larning environment was positively correlated with pupils attitude toward computing machine in general. ( Mack. 1998 ) . Perceived integrating of computing machines into larning system as completes instructional system in which pupil acquisition is impacted by lectors. A pupil with positive attitudes towards utilizing computing machines besides has positive attitudes toward utilizing computing machines for acquisition.

2. 5Factors that promote students’ positive attitude towards computing machine instruction * Constant interaction with information engineering. alongside integrating computing machine acquisition.

* Sound foundation in computing machine instruction
* To advance computing machine instruction efficaciously in schools. it should be ensured that engineering supports the educational ends and methodological analysis.
* Use of engineering at place should be encouraged
* Creation of board of computing machine instruction
* Build and operation computing machine research lab

The former University of Philippines president Senator Edgard J. Angara ( 2009 ) who led the senate in its chase of statute law course of study of pupil in schools enlightens that in countering the cheerless effects and jobs confronting computing machine instruction ; Economic lost land will be regain thereby pupil should be updated with latest progress engineering. Young person should be scientifically and technically prepared to to the full tap their interior endowments and part to national development ( Angara. 2009 ) . 2. 6Students’ attitudes toward engineering

Several surveies have suggested that attitudes may be an of import component in learning kids about computing machines ( Woodrow. 1992 and Todaman Dick. 1993 ) stated “an of import factor impacting the quality of the child’s experience of computing machine at school may be the teachers’ attitude toward computing machine moving to describe by the office of Technology Assessment ( OTA ) there is a major job with the go outing research measuring the import of engineering. Most research relies on bing step of students’ accomplishment. An of import factor that needs to be included goes beyond pupil accomplishment and includes attitudinal steps. Student accomplishment is likely affected by their attitudes to school and acquisition ( U. S Congress. 1995 ) . Another of import variable may be the environment for pupil direction in computing machine.

In some instances the schoolroom coach is in charge of computing machine instructions in the lab in which instructor may or may non incorporate computing machine usage with schoolroom instructions. There is besides a demand to determine the appropriate utilizations of computing machines in schoolroom and buttocks. The consequence on instructors and students’ attitudes toward computing machine Nevertheless. throughout the reappraisal repeating solutions to student’s instructors attitudes to effectual integrating of engineering is “Teachers Education in Schools every bit good as Readiness on students’ portion. Olukemi. ( 2000 ) observed that since the instructors are the 1 who implement and impact computing machine Education cognition. preparation should concentrate on them. Bukola. ( 2005 ) although it may non be agreed on how to affect engineering in course of study. one common end is to foster favourable attitudes toward computing machines. If positive attitudes are developed in pupils. ( Teachers ) other aims may go secondary. 2. 7Opportunities and restriction of ICT in concern instruction.

Research surveies of ICT usage in concern instruction have shown that ICT empowers pupils and allows them entree to the subject. Assorted types of ICT tool are used in concern classs: tutorial. proving. database. spreadsheet. and tools of local country web and the cyberspace. Each provides chance for pupils to believe ‘in a concern way’ . We should non disregard the fact that traditional schoolrooms fast to back up learner liberty and supply entree to the subject ; alternatively. taking the stance that ICT in an business/commerce category offers instructors more options to make learning environment that enables to believe ‘in a concern way’ whether these chances are perceived and taken up depends on the category participants. the tools and the acquisition environment. Perkins ( 1993 ) cites assorted surveies to asseverate that it is erroneous to presume that ‘as long as a support system is available. people will more or less automatically take advantage of the chances that it affords’ .

Dauite ( 1985 ) and Cochran-Smith ( 1991 ) . in their surveies of the usage of word-processors in the schoolroom. observed that most pupils used them chiefly to do minor stylistic. grammatical and spelling corrections to acquire nice print-outs. It was the more experient authors that were able to use the powerful redacting mechanisms of the word-processor. They used it to play their essays and do structural alterations that would hold been done more distressingly by manus. In their research. Ford ( 1995 ) states that most ICT bundles do non hold a important consequence on acquisition and instruction activities in schools because merely a little proportion of their potency is used.

The extent to which larning chances are really taken up depends on where and how ICT is situated in the category. For decennaries. harmonizing to research. there has been a deficiency of bringing systems designed to set learning to single pupils in the category. Advocates of ICT in instruction argued that ICT bundles provide pupils with learners’ liberty that is important to the acquisition procedure. The undermentioned subdivisions discuss that different facet of scholar liberty. learner control. undertaking orientation and critical contemplation.

2. 8Summary

It should be noted from above treatment that the universe is fast altering in footings of engineerings. The traditional manner of learning concern surveies in the schoolroom should be upgraded to the modern ways where ICT and other electronic media are used in instruction.

The coming of information and communicating engineerings ( ICT ) has made traditional formal educational no longer adequate to run into the demands of quickly developing universe and this fact motivated a explosion into originative activities in planing appropriate non-formal methods as both an option and a addendum to the traditional 1s. Through the ICT. the instruction of economic sciences can be achieved in packaged direction on some subjects. This will travel a long manner in cut downing emphasis on the portion of the instructor and to make merriment when handled by the pupils in and outside the schoolroom environment ( osugbamide & A ; Adebayo 2007 ) .

If the usage of ICT initiated by the relevant school decision makers is accepted wholly by the instructors. so pupils larning wonts will alter for the better and their public presentation when evaluated will surge positively.

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHOLOGY
3. 1Introduction

This chapter describes processs followed in accomplishing the ends and aims of this research work: ( The effectivity of ICT in instruction of concern surveies in secondary schools. It refers to all the activities involved in the aggregation of necessary informations needed for this research work. It includes research design. sampling program. unit. frame. size. and method of aggregation and research instrument. The research methodological analysis was discussed under the undermentioned headers:

I. Research design
two. Population of the survey
three. Sample and trying technique
four. Research instrument
v. Field testing of research instrument
six. Validity and dependability of research instrument
seven. Method of informations aggregation
eight. Method of informations analysis
3. 2Research design

The purpose of this survey is to happen out the effectivity of ICT in instruction of concern surveies in secondary school.

3. 3Population of the survey

The population of instructors for this research was taken from 15 ( 15 ) secondary schools in Agege local authorities Area of Lagos State. The choice was made based on the fact that. with the coming of Lagos ‘EKO PROJECT’ in 2010. there is no school in Lagos State without computing machine ( s ) and internet facilitates.

3. 4Sampling techniques:

Sampling is a procedure of mensurating portion of the population i. e. subset. which is subjected to intensive-study and analysis. The sample for the survey comprised of 15 indiscriminately selected schools in Agege local authorities. They were selected utilizing the simple random trying technique. 3. 5Research instrument:

The instrument used by the research worker in roll uping informations for the survey includes- :

* A set of structured questionnaires. * Observation method was used for proper designation on the effectivity of ICT in instruction of concern surveies in secondary school. * These questionnaires were used to roll up information refering the effectivity of ICT in instruction of concern surveies in secondary school. Personal interviews were besides conducted with a few instructors and the pupils to obtain positions from them. 3. 6Validity and dependability of research instrument:

The research worker submitted the questionnaires to the supervisor for face and content cogency after which the instruments were administered.
3. 7Method of informations aggregation:
A sum of Two-hundred ( 50 ) transcripts of the questionnaire were distributed by the research worker with the aid of a research force or co-worker to administrate to Students in the assorted ( selected ) secondary schools. Retrievals were filled so as to avoid losing anyone and to give the research worker ample chance to react on the topographic point to any likely inquiry that may originate from make fulling the questionnaire. 3. 8Method of informations analysis:

The collected completed questionnaires were coded and analyzed utilizing the descriptive and illative statistics. Descriptive statistics of frequences and per centums were used in analysing demographic variables while the illative statistics of Chi-square ( x2 ) were used to prove the declared hypotheses significance at “0. 05” degree of significance.